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[2022] [¹Ì±¹] EWG, ¹ß¾Ï¹°Áú 6°¡ Å©·Ò ¹Ì±¹ 2¾ï5000¸¸¸í °ø±Þ ¼öµ¾¹°¼­ ¹ß°ß
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[¹Ì±¹] EWG, ¹ß¾Ï¹°Áú 6°¡ Å©·Ò ¹Ì±¹ 2¾ï5000¸¸¸í °ø±Þ ¼öµ¾¹°¼­ ¹ß°ß

EWG, 50°³ ÁÖ¡¤Çª¿¡¸£Å丮ÄÚ¡¤±¡ µî ¹Ì±¹ ¿µÅäÀÇ Áö¿ª¿À¿° ´ëÈ­Çü Áöµµ ¸¸µé¾î

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¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº ¡®¿¡¸° ºê·ÎÄÚºñÄ¡(Erin Brockovich)¡¯ ¹ß¾Ï¹°ÁúÀÎ 6°¡ Å©·Ò(Cr6+ ; hexavalent chromium)ÀÌ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ¾ÈÀüÇÏ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÏ´Â ¼öÁØÀ» ³Ñ¾î 2¾ï5õ100¸¸ ¸íÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Á¦°øµÇ´Â ¼öµ¾¹°À» ¿À¿°½ÃÅ°´Â »õ·Î¿î ´ëÈ­Çü Áöµµ »ó¼¼ Á¤º¸°¡ ³ª¿Ô´Ù. 


¹Ì±¹ÀÇ È¯°æ¿öÅ·±×·ì(Environmental Working Group ; EWG)ÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº Áöµµ¸¦ ¸¸µé±â À§ÇØ ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ¿Í ÁÖ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¼öÁú°Ë»ç µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ºÐ¼®Çß´Ù.


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¹Ì±¹ÀÇ È¯°æ¿öÅ·±×·ì(EWG)ÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº Áöµµ¸¦ ¸¸µé±â À§ÇØ ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ¿Í ÁÖ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¼öÁú°Ë»ç µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °á°ú, ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®µÈ Áöµµ¿¡´Â Áö³­ 2016³â EWGÀÇ Áöµµ°¡ °ø°³µÈ ÀÌÈÄ Ä¶¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ¿¡¼­ µ¶¼º 6°¡ Å©·Ò ¶Ç´Â Å©·Ò-6(chromium-6)ÀÌ 918°³ »õ·Î °ËÃâµÆ´Ù. Å©·Ò-6Àº ¹Ì±¹ 50°³ ÁÖ¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇØ Çª¿¡¸£Å丮ÄÚ, ºÏ¸¶¸®¾Æ³ª Á¦µµ, ±¡ µî ¹Ì±¹ ¿µÅä¿¡¼­ ¹°À» ¿À¿°½ÃŲ´Ù.  [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = ȯ°æ¿öÅ·±×·ì(EWG)]

 

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Áö³­ 1¿ù, Ķ¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ ´ëÇб³ ¹öŬ¸® Ä·ÆÛ½º¿Í Ķ¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ ´ëÇб³ ·Î½º¾ØÁ©·¹½º Ä·ÆÛ½ºÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº 37¸¸1õ ¸íÀÇ Ä¶¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Å©·Ò-6 ¶Ç´Â ºñ¼Ò¿Í Áú»ê¿°°ú °°Àº È­Çй°ÁúÀ» ÇÔÀ¯ÇÑ ¹°À» ¸¶½Ã°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù. ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº À¯»öÀÎÁ¾¿¡ ºÒ±ÕÇüÀûÀÎ ÇÇÇظ¦ ¹ß°ßÇß°í, ±× ¿¬±¸ °á°ú°¡ ¾ÈÀüÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ½Ä¼ö·Î ÀÎÇØ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¼ö¸¦ °ú¼Ò Æò°¡ÇÑ °Í °°´Ù°í °­Á¶Çß´Ù.


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½Ä¼ö¿¡ Å©·Ò-6À» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ´Â ¿¬¹æ ±ÔÁ¤Àº ¾ø´Ù. EPA´Â Å©·Ò-6À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¸ðµç ÇüÅÂÀÇ Å©·ÒÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ÃÑ Å©·Ò¿¡ ´ëÇØ 100ppbÀÇ ½Ä¼ö±âÁØÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ±âÁØÀº ¼ö³â°£ ¾Ë·¹¸£±â ÇǺο°°ú ±âŸ ÇǺΠ¹ÝÀÀ°ú °°Àº ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ ÇǺΰúÇÐÀû ¿µÇâ¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÑ´Ù.


2007³â ¹Ì±¹ ±¹¸³º¸°Ç¿ø(National Institutes of Health0 »êÇÏ ¹Ì±¹ µ¶¼ºÇÐ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥(National Toxicology Program)Àº Å©·Ò-6¿¡ Àå±â°£ ³ëÃâµÇ¸é ¼³Ä¡·ù¿¡¼­ ¾ÏÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù´Â ¿¬±¸ °á°ú¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù. EPA´Â 2008³â À½¿ë¼öÀÇ Å©·Ò-6 ÇÇÆø°ú °ü·ÃµÈ À¯ÇØ º¸°Ç ¿µÇâ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÅ並 ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ±× °ËÅä°¡ ÁøÇà ÁßÀÌ´Ù.


EWGÀÇ ¼ö¼® °úÇÐÀÚÀÎ µ¥À̺ñµå ¾Øµå·ù½º(David Andrews) ¹Ú»ç´Â ¡°Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¾ÏÀ» À¯¹ßÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹àÇôÁø Å©·Ò-6¿¡ ³ëÃâµÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿ì¸®¸¦ º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇØ ÇÑ ÀÏÀº ¿ë¼­ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù¡±°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


¾Øµå·ù½º(Andrews) ¹Ú»ç´Â ƯÈ÷ ¡°°ÅÀÇ 15³â µ¿¾È, EPA´Â Å©·Ò-6¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿Ï¼ºµÈ ÀÎü °Ç°­ Æò°¡¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Âµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀÌ ¹ß¾Ï¹°Áú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °Ç°­º¸È£ ½Ä¼ö±âÁØÀ» ÇâÇÑ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¹ßÀüµµ ´õ ÀÌ»ó °¡·Î¸·°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¸ðµç ¹Ì±¹ÀεéÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹«À§·Î ÀÎÇØ ºÐ³ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¡±¶ó°í ¿ª¼³Çß´Ù.

 

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Å©·Ò-6 ÀÔÀÚ°¡ ÈíÀԵǸé Æó¾ÏÀ» À¯¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¼öµ¾¹°À» ÅëÇÑ ¼·Ãë´Â À§¾Ï, °£ ¼Õ»ó, »ý½Ä ¹®Á¦, ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÇ ³ú ¹ß´Þ¿¡ ¾Ç¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù.


EPA ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ µû¸£¸é, 2013³âºÎÅÍ 2015³â±îÁö Áö¿ª ¼öµµ½Ã¼³µéÀº 6¸¸ °³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¹° »ùÇÃÀ» äÃëÇß°í, 4°³ Áß 3°³ À̻󿡼­ Å©·Ò-6À» ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù. EPAÀÇ Å×½ºÆ®´Â Ç¥º» ÃßÃâµÈ 35°³ µµ½Ã Áß 31°³ µµ½ÃÀÇ ¼öµ¾¹°¿¡¼­ Å©·Ò-6ÀÇ ¼öÄ¡°¡ Áõ°¡ÇßÀ½À» ¹ß°ßÇÑ 2010³â EWG Á¶»ç¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÃËÁøµÇ¾ú´Ù.


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¡á ȯ°æ¿öÅ·±×·ì(Environmental Working Group ; EWG) ¼Ò°³

ȯ°æ¿öÅ·±×·ì(Environmental Working Group ; EWG)Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ´õ °Ç°­ÇÑ È¯°æ¿¡¼­ ´õ °Ç°­ÇÑ »îÀ» »ì ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â ºñ¿µ¸®´ÜüÀÌ´Ù. ¿¬±¸, ¿ËÈ£ ¹× °íÀ¯ÇÑ ±³À° µµ±¸¸¦ ÅëÇØ EWG´Â ¼ÒºñÀÚÀÇ ¼±Åðú ½Ã¹Î ÇൿÀ» À¯µµÇÑ´Ù.


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4³â ³Ñ´Â ±â°£ µ¿¾È ´ë±â¾÷(PG&E) °øÀåÀÇ µ¶±Ø¹°(6°¡ Å©·Ò) ¹æ·ù·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¼öÁú¿À¿°À» ¹àÇô³»°í ±×·Î ÀÎÇØ °¢Á¾ ½É°¢ÇÑ °Ç°­»ó ÇÇÇظ¦ ÀÔÀº °øÀå Àα٠ÁֹεéÀ» ±¸Á¦Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¿¡¸°(ÁÙ¸®¾Æ ·Î¹öÃ÷)°ú º¯È£»ç ¿¡µå(¾Ù¹öÆ® ÇÇ´Ï)ÀÇ Áý¿äÇÏ°í Á¤ÀǷοî ÅõÀï °úÁ¤À» ´ã°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±× °á°ú·Î PG&E»ç´Â ±× ´ç½Ã(1996³â) ȯ°æ °ü·Ã ¼Ò¼ÛÀ¸·Î ¹Ì±¹ ¹ýÁ¤»ç»ó ÃÖ°í¾×ÀÎ 3¾ï3õ¸¸ ´Þ·¯¸¦ ¹è»óÇ϶ó´Â ÆÇ°áÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. 


[¿ø¹®º¸±â]


¡®Brockovich¡¯ carcinogen found in tap water of more than 250 million Americans

Interactive map details local contamination in all 50 states, Puerto Rico and American territories


WASHINGTON - A new interactive map details where hexavalent chromium, the notorious ¡°Erin Brockovich¡± carcinogen, contaminates tap water serving 251 million people, exceeding levels scientists say are safe. Researchers at the Environmental Working Group analyzed federal and state water testing data to create the map.


The updated map includes 918 new detections of toxic hexavalent chromium, or chromium-6, in California since the last version of EWG¡¯s map was released, in 2016. Chromium-6 contaminates water in all 50 states, Puerto Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands and Guam.


¡°Too many people are exposed to chromium-6 in their drinking water,¡± said Tasha Stoiber, Ph.D., a senior scientist at EWG. ¡°Communities across the country have water with potentially harmful levels of this carcinogen.¡±


In January, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, and the University of California, Los Angeles, found that 371,000 Californians are drinking water that may contain high levels of chromium-6, or chemicals like arsenic and nitrate. The researchers found disproportionate harm to communities of color and emphasized that the results of the study likely understated the number of people affected by unsafe drinking water.


¡°People have a right to clean and affordable drinking water served by community water systems and wells,¡± Stoiber said. ¡°Despite knowledge of chromium-6 contaminating tap water, the Environmental Protection Agency has done nothing.¡±


There are no federal rules limiting chromium-6 in drinking water. The EPA has a drinking water standard of 100 parts per billion, or ppb, for total chromium, which includes all forms of chromium, including chromium-6. That standard is based on potential adverse dermatological effects over many years, such as allergic dermatitis and other skin reactions.


In 2007, the National Toxicology Program, a branch of the National Institutes of Health, published findings that long-term exposure to chromium-6 caused cancer in rodents. The EPA in 2008 then began a review of the harmful health effects linked to exposure to chromium-6 in drinking water. That review is ongoing.


¡°It is inexcusable the government has done so little to protect us from exposure to chromium-6, which has been shown to cause cancer,¡± said David Andrews, Ph.D., a senior scientist at the EWG.


¡°In nearly 15 years, the EPA has been unable to publish a completed human health assessment of chromium-6, which further blocks any progress toward a health-protective drinking water standard for this carcinogen. Every American should be outraged by this inaction,¡± Andrews added.


Government scientists in California and other states say extraordinarily low levels of chromium-6 can cause cancer in people. An analysis by state scientists in California showed that exposure in water suggests chromium-6 may cause stomach cancer.  


If inhaled, chromium-6 particles can cause lung cancer. Ingestion through tap water is linked to stomach cancer, liver damage, reproductive problems and harm to children's brain development.


Under an EPA program, from 2013 to 2015, local water utilities took more than 60,000 water samples and found chromium-6 in more than three out of four. The EPA¡¯s tests were spurred by a 2010 EWG investigation that found elevated levels of chromium-6 in the tap water of 31 of 35 cities sampled.


Chromium-6 is used to lower the temperature in electrical power plants¡¯ cooling towers.  Contamination can also originate from the improper disposal of industrial wastes, especially those created during the manufacture of chrome metal plating, wood and textiles products, and stainless steel. Chromium-6 is also a naturally occurring metallic element and can enter water sources through erosion, from natural deposits.


About Environmental Working Group

The Environmental Working Group is a nonprofit, non-partisan organization that empowers people to live healthier lives in a healthier environment. Through research, advocacy and unique education tools, EWG drives consumer choice and civic action.


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