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[2020] [¹Ì±¹] 2¾ï ¸í ÀÌ»ó ½Ä¼ö¿¡ µ¶¼º PFAS °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù
À̸§ °ü¸®ÀÚ waterindustry@hanmail.net ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2020.10.20 Á¶È¸¼ö 1035
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[¹Ì±¹] 2¾ï ¸í ÀÌ»ó ½Ä¼ö¿¡ µ¶¼º PFAS °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù

 

 

ȯ°æ ¿öÅ· ±×·ìÀÇ °úÇÐÀÚµé(Scientists at The Environmental Working Group)¿¡ °øµ¿ °ËÅä ÇÑ ¿¬±¸¿¡ µû¸£¸é 2 ¾ï ¸í ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ÀÎÀÌ ½Ä¼ö¿¡ PFAS·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø µ¶¼º ºÒ¼ÒÈ­ È­Çй°Áú( PFAS ; )À» 1Á¶´ç 1ppt(part per trillion) ÀÌ»óÀÇ ³óµµ·Î °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÃßÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.


µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ °úÇבּ¸´Â EWG(Environmental Working Group)°¡ º¸ÁõÇϴ ǥÁØÀÎ 1 pptÀÇ À½¿ë¼ö¿¡¼­ PFASÀÇ ¾ÈÀü ¼öÁØÀ» ±Ç°íÇß´Ù.


ÇмúÁö 'ȯ°æ°úÇбâ¼ú(the journal Environmental Science & Technology)'ÀÇ º¸°í¼­¿¡ °ÔÀçµÈ ÀÌ ¿¬±¸´Â ¹Ì±¹ ȯ°æº¸È£Ã»(EPA)°ú ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ °ø°³ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¢±ÙÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ½Ä¼ö °Ë»ç °á°ú¸¦ ºÐ¼®Çß´Ù.


EPA´Â Äݷζóµµ, ÄËÅÍÅ°, ¹Ì½Ã°£, ´ºÇÜÇÁ¼Å, ´ºÀúÁö, ³ë½ºÄ³·Ñ¶óÀ̳ª, ·Îµå¾ÆÀÏ·£µå¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÁÖ Å×½ºÆ®¿Í ´õºÒ¾î ÁöÁú Á¶»ç¸¦ Çß´Ù.


EWGÀÇ °úÇÐÁ¶»ç ´ã´ç ºÎ»çÀåÀÌÀÚ ÀÌ ¿¬±¸ÀÇ °øµ¿ÀúÀÚÀÎ ¿Ã°¡ ³ªÀ̵§ÄÚ(Olga Naidenko) ¹Ú»ç´Â "À½¿ë¼ö´Â ÀÌ·± µ¶¼º È­Çй°ÁúÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ³ëÃâ¿ø"À̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


¿Ã°¡ ³ªÀ̵§ÄÚ(Olga Naidenko) ¹Ú»ç´Â "ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ³í¹®Àº PFAS ¿À¿°ÀÌ ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿¹»óÇß´ø °Íº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ´õ ¸¹Àº ¹Ì±¹Àε鿡°Ô ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù"¶ó¸é¼­ "PFAS´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¸ðµç ÁÖ¿ä ¹° °ø±Þ¿¡¼­ °ËÃâµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Ç¥¸é ¹°À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ¹°¿¡¼­ °ÅÀÇ È®½ÇÈ÷ °ËÃâµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù"¶ó°í °­Á¶Çß´Ù.


ºÐ¼®¿¡´Â ¹Ì±¹ ¼ö½Ê °³ µµ½ÃÀÇ ½Ä¼ö¿¡¼­ PFAS È­Çй°ÁúÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÑ EWG°¡ ÀÇ·ÚÇÑ ½ÇÇè½Ç ½ÇÇèµµ Æ÷ÇԵƴÙ.


°¡Àå ³ôÀº PFAS ¼öÄ¡´Â ¸¶Àֹ̾Ì, Çʶóµ¨ÇǾÆ, ´º¿Ã¸®¾ð½º, ´º¿å½ÃÀÇ ºÏºÎ ´ºÀúÁö ±³¿Ü µî ÁÖ¿ä ´ëµµ½Ã Áö¿ªÀÇ »ùÇÿ¡¼­ °ËÃâµÇ¾ú´Ù.


Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ½ÃÇè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¹°¡ ¿ä°ÇÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸ç À½¿ë¼ö ³» PFAS¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¹°¡ À½¿ë¼ö Ç¥Áصµ ¾ø´Ù.


EPA´Â °¡Àå ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº µÎ °¡Áö ºÒ¼Ò È­ÇÐ ¹°ÁúÀÎ PFOA¿Í PFOS¿¡ ´ëÇØ Æò»ý °Ç°­ ±Ç°í ¼öÁØÀÎ 70ppt¸¦ ºÎÀûÀýÇÏ°Ô ¹ßÇ¥ÇßÀ¸¸ç, ½ÃÇà °¡´ÉÇÑ Ç¥ÁØÀ» Á¦Á¤Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀº ¼ö³âÀÌ °É¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


¿¬¹æ Ç¥ÁØÀÌ ¾ø´Â »óÅ¿¡¼­ ÁÖ Á¤ºÎ´Â ÀϺΠPFAS¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÚüÀûÀÎ ¹ýÀû Çѵµ¸¦ Åë°úÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ´ºÀúÁö´Â È­ÇÕ¹° PFNAÀÇ ÃÖ´ë ¿À¿°¹°Áú Çѵµ¸¦ 13pt·Î °¡Àå ¸ÕÀú ¹ß·ÉÇßÀ¸¸ç PFOSÀÇ °æ¿ì 13ppt, PFOAÀÇ °æ¿ì 14ppt·Î ±âÁØÀ» Á¤Çß´Ù.


Ķ¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ, ¸Å»çÃß¼¼Ã÷, ¹Ì½Ã°£, ´ºÇÜÇÁ¼Å, ´ºÀúÁö, ´º¿å, ¹ö¸óÆ®¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¸¹Àº ÁÖ¿¡¼­ PFOA¿Í PFOS¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¦ÇÑÀ» ¼³Á¤Çϰųª Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù.


½ºÄà ÆĹö(Scott Faber) EWG ¼ö¼®ºÎ´ëÇ¥´Â "¾î¶² ¿À¿° À§±â¿¡µµ ´ëóÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Ã¹ ¹ø° ´Ü°è´Â ¼öµµ²ÀÁö¸¦ ²ô´Â °Í"À̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


½ºÄà ÆĹö(Scott Faber) EWG ¼ö¼®ºÎ´ëÇ¥´Â À̾î "µÎ ¹ø° ´Ü°è´Â ½Ä¼ö ±âÁØÀ» Á¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ°í, ¼¼ ¹ø° ´Ü°è´Â À¯»ê ¿À¿°À» Á¤È­½ÃŲ´Ù. ÇÏ¿øÀ» Åë°úÇÑ PFAS Á¶Ä¡¹ýÀº »ê¾÷¿ë PFAS ¹æÃâ Á¦ÇÑ ½ÃÇÑ ¼³Á¤, ¸Ô´Â¹° ±âÁØ 2³â ±âÇÑ ¼³Á¤, ½´ÆÛÆݵå¹ý»ó PFAS¸¦ 'À§Çè¹°Áú'·Î ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ´Â µî 3´Ü°è¸¦ ¸ðµÎ ´Ù·ç°Ô µÈ´Ù"°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


½ºÄà ÆĹö(Scott Faber) EWG ¼ö¼®ºÎ´ëÇ¥´Â "±×·¯³ª ¹ÌÄ¡ ¸ÆÄÚ³ÚÀÇ »ó¿øÀº '¿µ¿øÇÑ È­ÇÐ ¹°Áú'·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿ì¸® Áö¿ª»çȸ¸¦ º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇÑ Á¶Ä¡¸¦ °ÅºÎÇß´Ù"°í µ¡ºÙ¿´´Ù.

 

PFAS´Â ÇöÁ¸ÇÏ´Â °¡Àå Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ µ¶¼º È­ÇÕ¹° Áß Çϳª·Î¼­ ½Ä¼ö, ½ÄÇ° Æ÷Àå, °³ÀÎ °ü¸® Á¦Ç°¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ¿À¿°½ÃÅ°°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¿µ¿øÇÑ È­Çй°ÁúÀ̶ó°í ºÒ¸°´Ù.


±×°ÍµéÀº ½Å»ý¾Æ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ Áö±¸»óÀÇ °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÇ Ç÷¾×¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÈ´Ù. ȯ°æ¿¡¼­´Â Àý´ë·Î ¹«³ÊÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.


À½¿ë¼ö ³» PFAS È­Çй°ÁúÀÇ ¸Å¿ì ³·Àº ¼±·®Àº ¸é¿ªÃ¼°è ¾ïÁ¦¿Í ¿¬°üµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ´Ù¸¥ ½É°¢ÇÑ °Ç°­ ¹®Á¦µé Áß¿¡¼­µµ ¾Ï°ú »ý½Ä ¹× ¹ß´Þ»óÀÇ À§Çè Áõ°¡¿Í °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.


EWGÀÇ ¼ö¼® °úÇÐÀÚ °â °øµ¿ÀúÀÚÀÎ µ¥À̺ñµå ¾Øµå·ù½º(David Andrews) ¹Ú»ç´Â "PFAS ¿À¿°À» ã¾Æº¸¸é °ÅÀÇ Ç×»ó ¹ß°ßµÈ´Ù"°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


µ¥À̺ñµå ¾Øµå·ù½º(David Andrews) ¹Ú»ç´Â À̾î "¹Ì±¹ÀεéÀº ±×µéÀÇ ¹°ÀÌ ¾ÈÀüÇÏ´Ù°í ¹Ï¾î¾ß ÇÏÁö¸¸, ³Ê¹« ¸¹Àº Áö¿ª»çȸ°¡ µ¶¼º PFAS È­Çй°Áú¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿À¿°µÈ ¹° °ø±ÞÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù"¶ó¸é¼­ "À̰͵éÀº Áö±Ý±îÁö »ý»êµÈ °¡Àå À½ÇèÇÑ È­Çй°Áú Áß ÀϺÎÀε¥, °è¼Ó »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù"¶ó°í °­Á¶Çß´Ù.


µ¥À̺ñµå ¾Øµå·ù½º(David Andrews) ¹Ú»ç´Â ¶Ç "¿ì¸®ÀÇ ºÐ¼®Àº ´ëü·Î PFOA¿Í PFOS¿¡ ±¹ÇѵǾúÁö¸¸, ´õ ¸¹Àº PFAS°¡ À½¿ë¼ö¸¦ ¿À¿°½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹àÇôÁö°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç PFAS È­Çй°ÁúÀÇ Àüü µî±ÞÀÌ ¿ì·ÁµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù"¶ó°í µ¡ºÙ¿´´Ù.


EPA´Â ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­ ÇöÀç »ç¿ë ÁßÀÎ 600°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ PFAS¸¦ È®ÀÎÇß´Ù. EWG°¡ ÃÖ±Ù ÁÖ ¹× ¿¬¹æ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °á°ú, 49°³ ÁÖ 2õ230°³¼Ò¿¡ 300°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ±º»ç ½Ã¼³À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© PFAS ¿À¿°ÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.


PFAS ¿À¿°Àº ÀÇȸ(Congress)ÀÇ ÃÊ´çÆÄ ÀÇ¿øµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ °æÁ¾À» ¿ï·È´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ PFAS Çൿ¹ý(PFAS  Action Act)¿¡´Â EPA°¡ µÎÆù(DuPont)ÀÇ Å×Ç÷Ð(Teflon) Á¦Á¶¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ PFOA¿Í 3MÀÇ ½ºÄ«Ä¡°¡µå(Scotchgard) Àç·á¿´´ø PFOS¶ó´Â µÎ °¡Áö ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº PFAS È­Çй°Áú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¹°¡ À½¿ë¼ö Ç¥ÁØ(national drinking water standard)À» Á¦Á¤ÇÏ´Â µ¥ 2³âÀÇ ½ÃÇÑÀ» Á¤ÇÏ´Â Á¶Ç×ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Ù.


ÇÏ¿ø ¹öÀüÀÇ ±¹¹æ¼ö±Ç¹ý(National Defense Authorization Act)°ú EPA ÁöÃâ¹ý¾È(spending bill)µµ Áß¿äÇÑ PFAS °³ÇõÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.


ÆĹö(Faber)´Â "À̹ø ÀÇȸ(Congress)°¡ Á¡Á¡ Ä¿Áö´Â PFAS ¿À¿° À§±â·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿ì¸®¸¦ º¸È£Çϱ⿡ ¾ÆÁ÷ ´ÊÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù"°í ¸»Çß´Ù.

 

[¿ø¹®º¸±â]

 

Over 200 million Americans could have toxic PFAS in their drinking water

 

 

A peer-reviewed study by scientists at the Environmental Working Group estimates that more than 200 million Americans could have the toxic fluorinated chemicals known as PFAS in their drinking water at a concentration of 1 part per trillion, or ppt, or higher.


Independent scientific studies have recommended a safe level for PFAS in drinking water of 1 ppt, a standard that is endorsed by EWG.


The study, published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology Letters, analyzed publicly accessible drinking water testing results from the Environmental Protection Agency and U.S.


Geological Survey, as well as state testing by Colorado, Kentucky, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina and Rhode Island.


We know drinking water is a major source of exposure of these toxic chemicals,¡± said Olga Naidenko, Ph.D., vice president for science investigations at EWG and a co-author of the new study.


 ¡°This new paper shows that PFAS pollution is affecting even more Americans than we previously estimated. PFAS are likely detectable in all major water supplies in the U.S., almost certainly in all that use surface water.¡±


The analysis also included laboratory tests commissioned by EWG that found PFAS chemicals in the drinking water of dozens of U.S. cities.


Some of the highest PFAS levels detected were in samples from major metropolitan areas, including Miami, Philadelphia, New Orleans and the northern New Jersey suburbs of New York City.


There is no national requirement for ongoing testing and no national drinking water standard for any PFAS in drinking water.


The EPA has issued an inadequate lifetime health advisory level of 70 ppt for the two most notorious fluorinated chemicals, PFOA and PFOS, and efforts to set an enforceable standard could take many years.


In the absence of a federal standard, states have started to pass their own legal limits for some PFAS. New Jersey was the first to issue a maximum contaminant limit for the compound PFNA, at 13 ppt, and has set standards of 13 ppt for PFOS and 14 ppt for PFOA.


Many states have either set or proposed limits for PFOA and PFOS, including California, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York and Vermont.


¡°The first step in fighting any contamination crisis is to turn off the tap,¡± said Scott Faber, EWG senior vice president for government affairs.


 ¡°The second step is to set a drinking water standard, and the third is to clean up legacy pollution. The PFAS Action Act passed by the House would address all three steps by setting deadlines for limiting industrial PFAS releases, setting a two-year deadline for a drinking water standard, and designating PFAS as ¡®hazardous substances¡¯ under the Superfund law."


"But Mitch McConnell¡¯s Senate has refused to act to protect our communities from ¡®forever chemicals.¡¯¡±


PFAS are called forever chemicals because they are among the most persistent toxic compounds in existence, contaminating everything from drinking water to food, food packaging and personal care products.


They are found in the blood of virtually everyone on Earth, including newborn babies. They never break down in the environment.


Very low doses of PFAS chemicals in drinking water have been linked to suppression of the immune system and are associated with an elevated risk of cancer and reproductive and developmental harms, among other serious health concerns.


¡°When we look for PFAS contamination, we almost always find it,¡± said David Andrews, Ph.D., a senior scientist at EWG and one of the co-authors.


¡°Americans should trust that their water is safe, but far too many communities have water supplies polluted by toxic PFAS chemicals. These are some of the most insidious chemicals ever produced, and they continue to be used."


"Our analysis was largely limited to PFOA and PFOS, but many more PFAS are found to contaminate drinking water and the entire class of PFAS chemicals is a concern.¡±


The EPA has identified over 600 PFAS in active use in the U.S. According to the most recent analysis of state and federal data by EWG, 2,230 locations in 49 states are known to have PFAS contamination, including more than 300 military installations.


PFAS contamination has raised alarms among a bipartisan group of lawmakers in Congress. The PFAS Action Act also includes a provision that would set a two-year deadline for the EPA to establish a national drinking water standard for the two most notorious PFAS chemicals ? PFOA, formerly used to make DuPont¡¯s Teflon, and PFOS, formerly an ingredient in 3M¡¯s Scotchgard.


The House versions of the National Defense Authorization Act and EPA spending bill also include important PFAS reforms.


¡°It¡¯s not too late for this Congress to protect us from the growing PFAS contamination crisis,¡± Faber said.


[Ãâó=½º¸¶Æ®¿öÅ͸ŰÅÁø(https://smartwatermagazine.com/news/environmental-working-group-ewg/over-200-million-americans-could-have-toxic-pfas-their-drinking) / 2020³â 10¿ù 15ÀÏ]

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