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[2023] [¹Ì±¹] EPA, ½Ä¼ö ³» ¿À¿°¹°Áú ÇØ°á À§ÇØ 2¾ï´Þ·¯ Áö¿ø
À̸§ °ü¸®ÀÚ waterindustry@hanmail.net ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2023.03.08 Á¶È¸¼ö 413
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[¹Ì±¹] EPA, ½Ä¼ö ³» ¿À¿°¹°Áú ÇØ°á À§ÇØ 2¾ï´Þ·¯ Áö¿ø

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¹Ì±¹ ȯ°æº¸È£Ã»(EPA)Àº ¾ÆÄ­¼Ò, ·çÀÌÁö¾Ö³ª, ´º¸ß½ÃÄÚ, ¿ÀŬ¶óÈ£¸¶, Åػ罺ÀÇ ½Ä¼ö ³» PFAS¿Í °°Àº ½Å±Ô ¿À¿°¹°ÁúÀ» ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¹ÙÀÌµç ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ¡¸ÃÊ´çÀûÀÎÇÁ¶ó¹ý¡¹À» ÅëÇØ 1¾ï9õ970¸¸1õ ´Þ·¯¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù. À̹ø ÀÚ±Ý Áö¿øÀº EPAÀÇ '¼Ò±Ô¸ð ¹× ¼Ò¿ÜÁö¿ª ¹ß»ý ¿À¿°¹°Áú(EC-SDC)' º¸Á¶±Ý ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÅëÇØ Áö¿ª»çȸ¿¡ º¸Á¶±ÝÀ¸·Î Á¦°øµÉ °ÍÀ̸ç Áö¿ª °æÁ¦¸¦ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¼Ò±Ô¸ð, ³óÃÌ ¹× ¼Ò¿Ü Áö¿ª»çȸÀÇ ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°í ±ú²ýÇÑ ¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¢±ÙÀ» ÃËÁøÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.


¸¶ÀÌŬ ·¹°Ç(Michael S. Regan) EPA ûÀåÀº "³Ê¹« ¸¹Àº ¹Ì±¹ »çȸ, ƯÈ÷ ¼Ò±Ô¸ðÀ̰ųª ½Ã°ñÀ̰ųª ¼­ºñ½º°¡ ºÎÁ·ÇÑ Áö¿ª»çȸµéÀÌ ½Ä¼ö ¼ÓÀÇ PFAS¿Í ´Ù¸¥ ÇØ·Î¿î ¿À¿°¹°Áú¿¡ ³ëÃâµÇ¾î °íÅëÀ» ¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù"¸é¼­ "¹ÙÀÌµç ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ¸®´õ½Ê ´öºÐ¿¡ ¿ì¸®´Â ¹Ì±¹¿¡ ÅõÀÚÇÏ°í ±¹¹ÎÀÇ °Ç°­À» º¸È£ÇÏ°í Áö¿ª °æÁ¦¸¦ È°¼ºÈ­ÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¹° ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¸¦ °­È­Çϱâ À§ÇØ ¼ö½Ê¾ï ´Þ·¯¸¦ Áö¿øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ º¸Á¶±ÝÀº EPAÀÇ PFAS Àü·« ·Îµå¸ÊÀ» ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î Çϸç ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÌ°í À§ÇèÇÑ È­Çй°Áú·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ °¡Àå ÀÛ°í Ãë¾àÇÑ Áö¿ª»çȸ¸¦ º¸È£ÇÏ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ °Í"À̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


(Earthea Nance) Áö¿ª°ü¸®ÀÚ´Â "±ú²ýÇÑ ¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¢±ÙÀº °Ç°­ÇÑ ±¹°¡ÀÇ ÇÙ½É ¿ä¼ÒÀ̸ç, ÀÌ´Â °øÁß º¸°Ç°ú °æÁ¦ ¼ºÀåÀ» À§Çè¿¡ ºü¶ß¸± À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù"¸é¼­ "ȯ°æ Ç°ÁúÀÇ ¸®´õ·Î¼­, ¿ì¸®´Â Áö¿ª ¹× ÁÖ ±â°ü°ú Çù·ÂÇÏ¿© ÀÚ±ÝÀÌ ¸ðµç Áö¿ª»çȸ, ƯÈ÷ À§ÇèÀÌ °¡Àå ³ôÀº Áö¿ª»çȸ¿¡ ´ëóÇϵµ·Ï ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ¹ÙÀ̵ç ÇàÁ¤ºÎ°¡ °øÁß º¸°Ç°ú ¼öÁúÀ» °³¼±Çϱâ À§ÇØ Çå½ÅÇÑ °Í¿¡ °¨»çÇÑ´Ù"°í ¸»Çß´Ù.


¡¸ÃÊ´çÀûÀÎÇÁ¶ó¹ý¡¹Àº PFAS ¿À¿°ÀÇ ÃÖÀü¼±¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Áö¿ª»çȸ°¡ ½Ä¼öÀÇ PFAS¸¦ ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï 5³â°£ 50¾ï ´Þ·¯¸¦ ÅõÀÚÇÑ´Ù. EPA´Â PFAS ¹× ±âŸ ½ÅÈï ¿À¿°¹°Áú°ú °°Àº ¿À¿°¹°Áú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±â¹Ý½Ã¼³ ¹× ¼ö¿ø¼ö ó¸®ÀÇ ¿ì¼±¼øÀ§¸¦ Á¤ÇÏ°í ¼öÁú °Ë»ç¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÁÖ ¹× ÁØÁÖ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ 20¾ï ´Þ·¯ ÇÒ´çÀÇ ÀÏȯÀ¸·Î ±â±ÝÀ» ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù.


°¢ ÁÖ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±â±Ý ³»¿ªÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.


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EPA´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¼Ò±Ô¸ð ¹× ¼Ò¿ÜÁö¿ª ¹ß»ý ¿À¿°¹°Áú º¸Á¶±Ý ÀÌÇà ¹®¼­¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌÇà ¹®¼­´Â ÁÖ ¹× Áö¿ª»çȸ¿¡ Áö¿ª ¼öÁú ¹× °øÁß º¸°Ç ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÀÌ ÀÚ±ÝÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ º¸Á¶±ÝÀº Áö¿ª»çȸ°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Ã³¸® ¼Ö·ç¼Ç ¼³Ä¡¿Í °°Àº ¼Ö·ç¼ÇÀ» ±¸ÇöÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Áö¿ª ¹°ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¸¦ °³¼±ÇÏ°í ½Ä¼ö ³» ½Å±Ô ¿À¿°¹°ÁúÀ» ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.


ÀÌ Á¶Ä¡´Â PFAS ¿À¿°°ú ½Î¿ì°í ½Ä¼ö¸¦ º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¹ÙÀ̵ç ÇàÁ¤ºÎÀÇ ¾à¼Ó, ƯÈ÷ 2021³â 10¿ù EPAÀÇ PFAS Àü·« ·Îµå¸Ê ³»¿¡¼­ Áß¿äÇÑ ÀÌÁ¤Ç¥¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ·Îµå¸Ê¿¡ µû¶ó EPA´Â PFASÀÇ °Ç°­ ¿µÇâÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ´ëÁßÀ» º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇØ ±â°ü Àü¹Ý¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ³ë·ÂÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. EPA´Â PFAS¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁøÀüÀ» Á¦°øÇϱâ À§ÇØ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¿©·¯ Á¶Ä¡¸¦ ÃëÇß´Ù:


- 2°³ÀÇ PFAS¸¦ ¡¸Á¾ÇÕȯ°æ´ëÀÀ¹è»óÃ¥ÀÓ¹ý(CERCLA)¡¹ À¯Çع°Áú·Î ÁöÁ¤ÇÒ °ÍÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÑ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀ¸·Î È®Á¤µÈ´Ù¸é, ÀÌ°ÍÀº PFAS ¹æÃâ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Åõ¸í¼ºÀ» ³ôÀÌ°í ¿À¿° ¹°ÁúÀ» Á¤È­Çϴ åÀÓÀ» ¹¯´Â µ¥ Áß¿äÇÑ ´Ü°è°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.


- ½Ä¼ö °Ç°­ ÁÖÀǺ¸¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù. °ø°ø º¸°ÇÀ» º¸È£ÇÏ°í Áö¿ª»çȸ¿Í °øÁß º¸°Ç ´ç±¹¿¡ »õ·Î¿î °úÇÐÀÌ Á¦°øµÉ ¶§ À̸¦ °è¼Ó ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ´Â EPAÀÇ ÀÓ¹«¿¡ µû¶ó, ±â°üÀº 4°³ÀÇ PFAS¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½Ä¼ö °Ç°­ ±Ç°í¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù.


- PFAS¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ °­È­Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ±â¹ÝÀ» ¸¶·ÃÇÑ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡´Â EPAÀÇ ±¹°¡ PFAS ½ÃÇè Àü·«¿¡ µû¶ó ±â¾÷ÀÌ PFAS ½ÃÇèÀ» ¼öÇàÇϵµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â ¸í·É°ú °ø°ø ½Ä¼ö ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ 29°³ PFAS¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñ±ÔÁ¦ ¿À¿°¹°Áú ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ ±ÔÄ¢À» ÅëÇÑ Àü±¹ÀûÀÎ »ùÇøµÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾú´Ù.


- PFAS¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °úÇÐÀû ÀÌÇØ È®´ë. ±× ±â°üÀº EPA ¿¬±¸Àڵ鿡 ÀÇÇØ 30°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ °úÇÐ ÃâÆǹ°À» ¹ßÇàÇß°í EPAÀÇ PFAS ¿­Ã³¸® µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù.


- ÃֽŠ°úÇÐÀ» EPAÀÇ ±â°ü °£ PFAS ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î ¹ø¿ªÇÑ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡´Â EPAÀÇ ¿À¿°µÈ ÇöÀå Á¤È­Ç¥ ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®, »õ·Î¿î PFAS ¹æ¹ý °³¹ß ¹× µ¶¼º Æò°¡ ½Ç½Ã, ¼ö»ý »ý¹° º¸È£¸¦ À§ÇÑ ±¹°¡ ±ÇÀå ¼öÁú ±âÁØ ÃÊ¾È ¹ßÇà µîÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾú´Ù.


- ´ëÁß°úÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ Âü¿©. EPAÀÇ PFAS ÀÛ¾÷Àº °ø°³ À¥ ¼¼¹Ì³ª, ÀÌÇØ°ü°èÀÚ È¸ÀÇ, ÀÇȸ Áõ¾ð ¹× EPAÀÇ ¿¬¹æ ÀÚ¹® À§¿øȸ¿ÍÀÇ Âü¿©¸¦ ÅëÇØ Å뺸µÇ¾ú´Ù.


ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î º¸Á¶±Ý ¿Ü¿¡µµ, EPA´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ÇâÈÄ ¸î ÁÖ ¾È¿¡ '±¹°¡ 1Â÷ ½Ä¼ö ³» PFAS ±ÔÁ¤(PFAS NPDWR)À» Á¦¾ÈÇϱâ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Á¦¾ÈµÈ ±ÔÄ¢ ÃʾÈÀº ÇöÀç ±â°ü °£ °ËÅ並 ÁøÇà ÁßÀ̸ç EPA´Â °ü¸®¿¹»ê±¹(OMB)À» ½ÂÀÎÇÒ ¶§ °ø°³ ÀÇ°ßÀ» À§ÇØ Á¦¾ÈµÈ ±ÔÄ¢À» ¹ßÇ¥ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±× ±â°üÀº 2023³â ¸»±îÁö ±× ±ÔÄ¢À» ¿Ï¼ºÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¶Ä¡¿Í ÇÔ²² PFASÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ °øÁß º¸°Ç°ú ȯ°æÀ» º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇÑ PFAS Àü·« ·Îµå¸Ê¿¡ ¿ä¾àµÈ EPAÀÇ ¾à¼ÓÀÌ °­Á¶µÈ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¶ÇÇÑ °ø°ø º¸°Ç°ú ȯ°æ º¸È£, Áö¿ª »çȸ°¡ Á÷¸éÇÑ ÁÖ¿ä °úÁ¦ ÇØ°á, ÀÏÀÚ¸® âÃâ µî ¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚÀÇ ÀÌÁ¡À» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.


[¿ø¹®º¸±â] 


EPA Announces Nearly $200 Million to Address Emerging Contaminants in Drinking Water in Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, New Mexico and Texas


The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced $199,701,000 from President Biden¡¯s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law to address emerging contaminants, like Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in drinking water in Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas. This investment, will be made available to communities as grants through EPA¡¯s Emerging Contaminants in Small or Disadvantaged Communities (EC-SDC) Grant Program and will promote access to safe and clean water in small, rural, and disadvantaged communities while supporting local economies.


¡°Too many American communities, especially those that are small, rural, or underserved, are suffering from exposure to PFAS and other harmful contaminants in their drinking water,¡± said EPA Administrator Michael S. Regan. ¡°Thanks to President Biden¡¯s leadership, we are investing in America and providing billions of dollars to strengthen our nation¡¯s water infrastructure while safeguarding people¡¯s health and boosting local economies. These grants build on EPA¡¯s PFAS Strategic Roadmap and will help protect our smallest and most vulnerable communities from these persistent and dangerous chemicals.¡±


¡°Clean water access is a key component to a healthy nation; without it we risk endangering public health and economic growth,¡± said Regional Administrator Dr. Earthea Nance. ¡°As leaders in environmental quality, we must work with local and state agencies to ensure the funding addresses all communities, especially those at highest risk. We thank the Biden Administration for their commitment towards improving public health and water quality.¡± 


The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law invests $5 billion over five years to help communities that are on the frontlines of PFAS contamination reduce PFAS in drinking water. EPA announced the funds as part of an allotment of $2 billion to states and territories that can be used to prioritize infrastructure and source water treatment for pollutants, like PFAS and other emerging contaminants, and to conduct water quality testing.


The breakdown of funding for each state is below:


- Arkansas will receive $18,914,000


- Louisiana will receive $26,300,000


- New Mexico will receive $18,914,000


- Oklahoma will receive $20,877,000


- Texas will receive $114,696,000


EPA is also releasing the Emerging Contaminants in Small or Disadvantaged Communities Grant Implementation document. The implementation document provides states and communities with the information necessary to use this funding to address local water quality and public health challenges. These grants will enable communities to improve local water infrastructure and reduce emerging contaminants in drinking water by implementing solutions such as installing necessary treatment solutions.


This action represent a significant milestone within the Biden-Harris Administration¡¯s commitments to combat PFAS pollution and safeguard drinking water, and specifically EPA¡¯s October 2021 PFAS Strategic Roadmap. Under the Roadmap, EPA is working across the agency to protect the public from the health impacts of PFAS. EPA has taken a number of actions to deliver progress on PFAS including: 


-Proposing to designate two PFAS as CERCLA hazardous substances. If finalized, this will be a critical step toward increasing transparency around releases of PFAS and holding polluters accountable for cleaning up their contamination.


- Releasing drinking water health advisories. Acting in accordance with EPA¡¯s mission to protect public health and keep communities and public health authorities informed when new science becomes available, the Agency issued drinking water health advisories for four PFAS.


- Laying the foundation to enhance data on PFAS. This included an order under EPA¡¯s National PFAS Testing Strategy requiring companies to conduct PFAS testing, and nationwide sampling through the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule for 29 PFAS in public drinking water systems .


- Expanding the scientific understanding of PFAS. The Agency issued more than 30 scientific publications by EPA researchers and released EPA¡¯s PFAS Thermal Treatment Database.


- Translating the latest science into EPA¡¯s cross-agency PFAS efforts. This included updating EPA¡¯s contaminated site cleanup tables, developing new PFAS methods and conducting toxicity assessments, and issuing draft national recommended water quality criteria to protect aquatic life.


- Continuing engagement with the public. EPA¡¯s PFAS work was informed by public webinars, stakeholder meetings, Congressional testimony, and engagement with EPA¡¯s federal advisory committees.


In addition to this new grant, EPA is also working to propose a PFAS NPDWR in the coming weeks. The draft proposed rule is currently undergoing interagency review and EPA will issue the proposed rule for public comment when it clears the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The agency anticipates finalizing the rule by the end of 2023. Together, with these actions highlight EPA¡¯s commitments outlined in the PFAS Strategic Roadmap to protect public health and the environment from the impacts of PFAS.  They also illustrate the benefits of investing in water—protecting public health and the environment, addressing key challenges facing communities, and creating jobs.


[Ãâó = EPA(EPA Announces Nearly $200 Million to Address Emerging Contaminants in Drinking Water in Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, New Mexico and Texas | US EPA) / 2023³â 3¿ù 6ÀÏ]

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