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[2013] [½ºÀ§½º] ¹Ú¸·Å¾çÀüÁöÀÇ »õ·Î¿î È¿À² ±â·Ï ´Þ¼º
À̸§ °ü¸®ÀÚ waterindustry@hanmail.net ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2013.01.27 Á¶È¸¼ö 781
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½ºÀ§½ºÀÇ ÇÑ ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀº °æ·®À̸鼭 À¯¿¬¼ºÀ» °¡Áø CIGS žçÀüÁö(Copper Indium Gallium Selenide Solar Cell)°¡ ¹«°Å¿ì¸é¼­ °ªºñ½Ñ ¼³Ä¡ ºñ¿ëÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ žçÀüÁöµé°ú ºñ±³ÇßÀ» ¶§ ÃæºÐÇÑ °æÀï·ÂÀ» Áö´Ï°í ÀÖÀ½À» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
 
°æ·®ÀÇ Ç÷º¼­ºí ¹Ú¸·Å¾çÀüÁö(Flexible Thin Film Solar Cells)´Â ¹«¼±Ç×°ø±â µ¿·Â °ø±Þ°ú °°ÀÌ ´õ ¸¹Àº ¹«°Ô¸¦ °®°í ÀÖ´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀΠžçÀüÁöÆÇÀÌ »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ÀϺΠƴ»õ½ÃÀå¿¡ ¸Å¿ì ÀûÇÕÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌÅÛÀÌ´Ù.
 
¶ÇÇÑ ½±°Ô ¼³Ä¡µÇµµ·Ï ¼³°èµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î žç¹ßÀü¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ºñ¿ë Áß °¡Àå Å« ºÎºÐÀÇ Çϳª·Î Àνĵǰí ÀÖ´Â ¼³Ä¡ºñ¿ë Àý°¨¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ¹°·Ð È­¼®¿¬·á¿¡¼­ ¾ò¾îÁö´Â Àü·ÂÀ» ´ëüÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ ¹Ú¸·Å¾çÀüÁöÀÇ Á¦Á¶ºñ´Â Áö±Ýº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ´õ ³·¾ÆÁ®¾ß Çϸç, È¿À²µµ ´õ ³ô¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
 
ÀÌ¿¡ ½ºÀ§½º ±¹¸³¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÎ EmpaÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº ºûÀ» Èí¼öÇÏ°í žçÀüÁö ³» ±¤Àü·ù È帧¿¡ ±â¿©ÇÏ´Â CIGS ÃþÀÇ ¹°¼ºÀ» º¯°æÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸ñÇ¥¸¦ ´Þ¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. À̵éÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ½Ç¸®ÄÜ Å¾çÀüÁö¿Í ºñ±³ÇßÀ» ¶§ °ª½Î°Ô ¸¸µé ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Ç÷º¼­ºí žçÀüÁöÀÇ »õ·Î¿î È¿À² ±â·ÏÀ» ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¹°·Ð ÀÌ ±â¼úÀ» »ó¿ëÈ­ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡´Â ¸¹Àº ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ µÚµû¸¦ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿¹»óµÈ´Ù.
 
CIGS ¹Ú¸·Å¾çÀüÁö´Â ½Ç¸®ÄÜ Å¾çÀüÁö¿Í ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© ºñ±³Àû ÀûÀº ¾çÀÇ Àç·á¸¸À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ½Å¼ÓÈ÷ Á¦Á¶ÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ °æÁ¦¼º ºÎºÐ¿¡¼­ ¸¹Àº ÀåÁ¡À» °®°í ÀÖ´Ù. CIGS žçÀüÁö¸¦ Ç÷º¼­ºíÇÑ Çöó½ºÆ½À̳ª ±Ý¼Ó¹Ú À§¿¡¼­ Á¦Á¶ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¸é ¹«°Å¿ì¸é¼­ ¸Å¿ì ´Ü´ÜÇÑ Æ¯¼ºÀ» °¡Áø ÀÏ¹Ý ½Ç¸®ÄÜ Å¾çÀüÁöÆÇ°ú ´Ù¸£°Ô ³ôÀº À¯¿¬¼ºÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
 
±×·¯³ª Áö±Ý±îÁö CIGS žçÀüÁöÀÇ Àû¿ë¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °¡Àå Å« ¹®Á¦Á¡Àº ÀÏ¹Ý ½Ç¸®ÄÜ Å¾çÀüÁö¸¸Å­ È¿À²ÀÌ ³ôÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â °ÍÀ̸ç, ÀÌ ¶§¹®¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ±â¼ú°úÀÇ °æÀïÀ» ¾î·Æ°Ô ¸¸µé°í ÀÖ´Ù. žçÀüÁöÀÇ È¿À²Àº ¹ßÀüºñ¿ëÀ» Àý°¨ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °¡Àå °­·ÂÇÑ ¼ö´ÜÀÌ´Ù. È¿À²À» °³¼±Çϸé žç¹ßÀü ¼³ºñ¸¦ ¼³Ä¡Çϴµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Å¾çÀüÁöÆÇÀÇ ¼ö¸¦ ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î ÀüÁöÆÇ ºñ¿ë ¹× ÀΰǺñ¸¦ Àý¾àÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
 
À̹ø¿¡ ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀÌ ¼±º¸ÀÎ ¹Ú¸·Å¾çÀüÁöÀÇ È¿À²Àº 20.4%ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ÁöºØ¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â žç¹ßÀü¿ë ½³±Û°ú °°ÀÌ »ó¾÷¿ë Ç÷º¼­ºí CIGS žçÀüÁöÀÇ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ È¿À²ÀÎ ¾à 13%¿¡ ºñÇØ ¸Å¿ì ¿ì¼öÇÑ °á°úÀÌ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¾à 16%ÀÇ È¿À²À» º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÏ¹Ý ½Ç¸®ÄÜ Å¾çÀüÁö(Silicon Solar Cell)¿Í ºñ±³ÇÒ ¶§¿¡µµ ¿ì¼öÇÏ´Ù°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Âü°í·Î, °íºñ¿ëÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀϺΠÇÁ¸®¹Ì¾ö ½Ç¸®ÄÜ Å¾çÀüÁöÀÇ ÃÖ´ë È¿À²Àº 24%ÀÌ´Ù.
 
¿¬±¸ÆÀÀº Áö³­ ¼ö³â µ¿¾È CIGS žçÀüÁöÀÇ È¿À² °³¼±¿¡ ³ë·ÂÇØ¿Ô´Ù. À̵éÀº Áö³­ 1999³â 12.8%ÀÇ È¿À²À» °¡Áø CIGS ¹Ú¸·Å¾çÀüÁö¸¦ °³¹ßÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, 2005³â 17.6%, 2011³â 18.7%·Î È¿À²À» °³¼±½ÃŲ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù.
 
½ÇÇè½Ç ±Ô¸ð¿¡¼­ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ È¿À²À» ´Þ¼ºÇß´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦ »ý»ê¶óÀο¡¼­µµ Áö¼ÓµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â Àǹ̴ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÇÑ È¸»ç°¡ °³¹ßÇÑ ÃÖ°í È¿À²ÀÇ Å¾çÀüÁö(Champion Cells) ´ëºñ ¾à 30% ³·Àº È¿À²ÀÇ Å¾çÀüÁö¸¦ »ý»êÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ÀÇ°ßÀÌ´Ù.
 
¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ ±â¼úÀº ´Ù¸¥ ȸ»çµé°úÀÇ ±â¼úÀû °æÀï¿¡¼­ »ì¾Æ³²À» ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, Alta Devices¿Í °°Àº ȸ»ç´Â ´Ù¸¥ Àç·á¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ´õ ³ôÀº È¿À²ÀÇ Ç÷º¼­ºí žçÀüÁö¸¦ °³¹ßÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, À̵éÀÇ ÃÖ´ë È¿À²Àº 28.8%ÀÎ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÇâÈÄ ¹Ú¸·Å¾çÀüÁö°¡ ´Ù¸¥ ÀÏ¹Ý ½Ç¸®ÄÜ Å¾çÀüÁö¿Í ½ÃÀå °æÀï¿¡¼­ »ì¾Æ³²±â À§Çؼ­´Â Á¦Á¶ºñ¿ëÀ» ³·Ãç¾ß ÇÒ Çʿ伺ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
 
[ÀÚ·áÁ¦°ø : ³ì»ö±â¼úÁ¤º¸Æ÷Å»(www.gtnet.go.kr) 2013. 01. 25]

[¿ø¹®º¸±â]
 
Thin Film Solar Gets a Boost from a New Record Efficiency
 
Swiss researchers show that lightweight, flexible CIGS solar cells can compete with heavier, more-expensive-to-install solar cells.
 
Lightweight, flexible solar cells are great for some niche applications-such as powering drones-where heavier, conventional solar panels won¡¯t work. They could also help reduce the cost of installation, which is one of the biggest parts of the cost of solar power, by making solar panels easier to install. But to take on power from fossil fuels, such cells need to be both far more efficient and cheaper to make.
 
Some Swiss researchers have taken a step in that direction, announcing a record solar cell efficiency for a type of flexible solar cell that could be cheap to make. But commercializing the technology will be difficult.
 
The researchers announced that they¡¯ve set a new record for flexible copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells, a type of solar cell that has the potential for low costs because it can be made quickly with relatively small amounts of material. CIGS cells, if made on a flexible plastic or metal foil, can also be flexible, unlike conventional silicon solar panels, which are heavy and rigid. But CIGS cells aren¡¯t as efficient as conventional silicon ones, making it hard for the technology to compete. Efficiency is the most powerful lever for reducing solar power costs. Improved efficiency reduces the number of solar panels needed for a given installation, saving on the cost of panels and labor.
 
The researchers demonstrated solar cells with an efficiency of 20.4 percent, which is far better than the roughly 13 percent efficiency of flexible CIGS cells used in commercial applications such as solar rooftop shingles. It¡¯s also better than typical silicon solar cells, which are roughly 16 percent efficient (higher cost, premium silicon solar cells can have efficiencies as high as 24 percent).
 
Hitting a record efficiency in the lab, however, is a far cry from achieving those efficiencies on a production line. It¡¯s common for production cells to be 30 percent less efficient than a company¡¯s champion cells. The researchers will also need to contend with competition from companies such as Alta Devices, which have achieved higher efficiencies for flexible solar cells using different materials (see ¡°Alta Devices: Finding a Solar Solution¡±). Alta Devices¡¯s best cells are 28.8 percent efficient, but it needs to lower its manufacturing costs to compete with conventional solar panels.
 
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