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[2013] [¹Ì±¹] ¹Ì»ý¹°À» È°¿ëÇÑ Ãµ¿¬°¡½ºÀÇ ¼ö¼Û¿ë ¾×ü¿¬·á º¯È¯
À̸§ °ü¸®ÀÚ waterindustry@hanmail.net ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2013.11.21 Á¶È¸¼ö 711
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¹Ì±¹ÀÇ »÷µð¾Æ±¹¸³¿¬±¸¼Ò(Sandia National Laboratories)ÀÇ ÇÑ ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº õ¿¬°¡½º(Natural Gas)¸¦ ¼ö¼Û¿ë ¾×ü¿¬·á·Î ÀüȯÇÏ´Â Â÷¼¼´ë ¹ÙÀÌ¿ÀÃ˸Š±â¼úÀÇ °³¹ßÀ» À§ÇØ ÀڽŵéÀÌ º¸À¯ÇÑ ´Ü¹éÁú ¹ßÇö(Protein expression), È¿¼Ò ¿£Áö´Ï¾î¸µ(Enzyme Engineering) ¹× °íÈ¿À²ÀÇ ºÐ¼® ¿ª·®À» È°¿ëÇÒ °èȹÀÌ´Ù. 

À̹ø ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â ARPA-E°¡ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â 34 ¹é¸¸ ´Þ·¯(¾à 360¾ï¿ø)ÀÇ ¸ÖƼ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ® Áß ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù. 

ARPA-E ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÎ REMOTE(Reducing Emissions using Methanotrophic Organisms for Transportation Energy)¿¡´Â 15°³ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®°¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Ù. 

»÷µð¾Æ´Â MOgene Green Chemicals°¡ ´ã´çÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À̵éÀº ž籤À» È°¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸ÞźÀ» ºÎź¿Ã·Î º¯È¯ÇÏ´Â ±â¼úÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. 

ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â ¿¡³ÊÁö¿ø ¼öÀÔ¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸µµ¸¦ ³·Ãß°í, ÀÌ»êȭź¼Ò ¹èÃâÀ» Àý°¨Çϴµ¥ ±â¿©ÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëµÈ´Ù. 

¸Þź¿µ¾ç¼¼±Õ(Methanotrophs)ÀÇ °æ¿ì ¸ÞźÀ» ¿¡³ÊÁö·Î ½ÅÁø´ë»ç°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. »÷µð¾Æ ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ Blake Simmons´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹Ì»ý¹°ÀÌ ¸ÞźÀ» º¯È¯ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ±âº» À¯±âü¶ó »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 

À̹ø ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥´Â ÀÌ À¯±âü¸¦ Á¶ÀÛÇÏ¿© ºÎź¿ÃÀ» »ý»êÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ¹Ì»ý¹°À» ¸¸µå´Â ¹æ¾ÈÀ» ¸ð»öÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 

ºÎź¿ÃÀº ¿¡Åº¿Ã°ú ÇÔ²² ³»¿¬±â°ü ¿¬·á·Î¼­ È°¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¿À·§µ¿¾È ¼ö¼Û¿ë ¹ÙÀÌ¿À¿¬·áÀÇ ÃÖÀû ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î °í·ÁµÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. 

Simmons´Â "Ç×°ø ¹× µðÁ©¿£Áø°ú °°Àº ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­´Â ºñ¼®À¯ źȭ¼ö¼Ò¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çʿ伺ÀÌ °è¼Ó Áõ´ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª õ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ ÀϺΠ¿£Áø¿¡ ±×´ë·Î ¿¬¼ÒÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

õ¿¬°¡½º°¡ ÀÚµ¿Â÷ÀÇ ¾×ü ¿¬·á·Î¼­ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î È°¿ëµÇ±â À§Çؼ­´Â Ưº°ÇÑ Ã³¸®°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ¹ÙÀÌ¿À¸Å½º¸¦ ÇöÀç ¿¬·á ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¿¡ ±×´ë·Î Àû¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â ƯÁ¤ÇÑ º¯È¯°øÁ¤À» °ÅÃÄ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú À¯»çÇÏ´Ù.

°ü·Ã °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ¹ÙÀÌ¿À¿¬·á¸¦ ź¼Ò ¹èÃâÀº ³·À¸¸é¼­ °æÁ¦ÀûÀÌ°í, ³»ºÎÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ø·á °ø±ÞÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ ¿¬·á·Î º¯È¯Çϱâ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇØ¿Ô´Ù. 

À̹ø ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ Æ¯Â¡Àº ¹ÙÀÌ¿À¸Å½ºº¸´Ù´Â õ¿¬°¡½º ¿¬·á·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù´Â °Í"À̶ó°í ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù. 

Áö»ó¿¡¼­ »ý»êµÇ´Â õ¿¬°¡½º´Â Àç»ý°¡´ÉÇÑ ÀÚ¿øÀº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸ ÃÖ±Ù ¼ÎÀÏ°¡½º ºÕ°ú °°Àº ¿¡³ÊÁö °ø±ÞÀÇ ¿ëÀ̼º ¶§¹®¿¡ ±× Á߿伺ÀÌ Á¡Â÷ Áõ´ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í °­Á¶ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 

Simmons´Â MOgene»ç´Â À¯±âü¿Í °ü·ÃÇÑ Àü¹®Áö½ÄÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ°í, »÷µð¾Æ¿¬±¸¼Ò´Â È¿¼ÒÁ¶ÀÛ ¹× ´Ù¸¥ ¿ª·®À» È°¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. 

Simmons´Â ¹Ì»ý¹°À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© õ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ ¼ö¼Û¿ë ¾×ü ¿¬·á·Î º¯È¯ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ±â¼úÀº ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. 

±×´Â "ÀÚ¿¬¿¡´Â õ¿¬°¡½º ½ÅÁø´ë»ç¸¦ ÅëÇØ »ýÁ¸ÇÏ°í ¹ø¼ºÇÏ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ À¯±âü°¡ Á¸ÀçÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ °ú°Å¿¡µµ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¢±Ù¹æ½Ä¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¶»ç°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù. 

±×·¯³ª ¹®Á¦´Â À̵é À¯±âüµéÀÌ ¸Å¿ì µ¶Æ¯ÇÏ°í Á¶°ÇÀÌ Á¤ÇØÁø ȯ°æ¿¡¼­ Á¸ÀçÇϸç, ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¸Å¿ì ´À¸®´Ù´Â °Í"À̶ó°í ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. 

"À̹ø ARPA-EÀÇ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â ÀÚ¿¬ÀÌ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ÁØ °ÍÀ» °³¼±ÇÏ°í °¡½º °ø±Þ¿ø·á¸¦ ÀüȯÇÏ°í °øÁ¤À» ³ôÀ̱â À§ÇÑ È¿°úÀûÀÎ ¹æ¾ÈÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 

ÇöÀç õ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ ºÎź¿Ã·Î º¯È¯ÇÏ´Â »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ±â¼ú Áß ÀÔÁõµÈ °ÍÀº ¾ø´Ù"°í ±×´Â ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù. 

¶ÇÇÑ Simmons´Â "ÀÌ¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ¹Ì»ý¹°ÀÇ ÇÙ½É ½ÅÁø´ë»ç¸¦ ¿¬±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

À̸¦ ÅëÇØ ¹Ì»ý¹°À» Á¶ÀÛÇÏ¿© ºü¸¥ ÁøÇàÀÌ °¡´ÉÇϵµ·Ï ¸¸µé°Å³ª, À¯±âüÀÇ ½ÅÁø´ë»ç ºÎºÐ¸¸ »©³»¾î À̸¦ »ê¾÷ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀûÀýÇÑ ¹«¾ð°¡¿¡ ÅõÀÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Í"À̶ó°í µ¡ºÙ¿´´Ù. 

¸¹Àº ¿¬±¸ Áý´ÜµéÀÌ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇßÀ¸³ª Å« ¼º°ú´Â ¾ø¾ú´Ù. 

±×·¯³ª Simmons´Â »÷µð¾Æ°¡ Áö³­ ¼ö³â°£ ¸âºê·¹ÀÎ ´Ü¹éÁú ¹× ´Ù¾çÇÑ Åø °³¹ßÀ» ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇØ ¿Ô´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù. 

Simmons´Â "»÷µð¾Æ ¿¬±¸¼Ò´Â ¾î·Á¿î ´Ü¹éÁú ¹ßÇöÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÔÀ» ÀÔÁõÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Ã³¸®È¿À²ÀÌ ¿ì¼öÇÑ È¿¼Ò¸¦ ¸¸µé ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿£Áö´Ï¾î¸µ ¹× ¸ðµ¨¸µ ±â¼ú ¹× ¿ª·®À» º¸À¯ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 

ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·ê ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±â¼úÀû ¿ª·®À» ÇϳªÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö·Î Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿¬±¸±â°üÀº ¸¹Áö ¾Ê´Ù. 

¸¹Àº °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¾·ùÀÇ È¿¼Ò¸¦ Ç¥ÇöÇϴµ¥ ³ë·ÂÇØ ¿ÔÁö¸¸ ±×·¸°Ô ½±°Ô ÇØ°áµÇÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â ¹®Á¦¿´´Ù. ¿¬±¸ Áý´Üµé¿¡°Ô´Â ½É¿ÀÇÑ °úÇÐÀû µµÀüÀ̾ú´Ù. 

±×·¯³ª »÷µð¾Æ ¿¬±¸¼Ò´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃàÀûµÈ °æÇè°ú ´É·ÂÀ» º¸À¯ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù"°í °­Á¶ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 

[Ãâó : KISTI ¹Ì¸®¾È(http://mirian.kisti.re.kr) ¡º±Û·Î¹úµ¿Çâºê¸®ÇÎ(GTB)¡»2013. 11. 21]



[¿ø¹®º¸±â]

Converting natural gas to liquid transportation fuels via biological organisms


Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories will use their expertise in protein expression, enzyme engineering and high-throughput assays as part of a multiproject, $34 million effort by the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) aimed at developing advanced biocatalyst technologies that can convert natural gas to liquid fuel for transportation.
The ARPA-E program is Reducing Emissions using Methanotrophic Organisms for Transportation Energy, REMOTE, and involves 15 different projects. 
Sandia is a part of a two-year award led by MOgene Green Chemicals, a wholly owned subsidiary of St. Louis-based MOgene, LC, and will work toward sunlight-assisted conversion of methane to butanol.
The broad goal is to have another source of energy in the U.S. that doesn't have to be imported and could lead to lower carbon monoxide emissions than conventional fossil fuels.
Methanotrophs are microbes that can metabolize methane. Sandia's Blake Simmons, manager of the labs' biofuels and biomaterial science and technology group, calls this microbe the "poster child" of organisms that are capable of metabolizing and converting methane. 
The goal of the project is to engineer pathways from these organisms into another microbial host that can generate butanol. 
Butanol can be used as a fuel in an internal combustion engine and, along with ethanol, has long been considered one of the best biofuel options for .
"The need for hydrocarbons that are nonpetroleum in origin is still growing, including applications such as aviation and diesel engines," said Simmons. 
"But in its natural state, you're not going to readily burn natural gas in those types of engines, and the same goes for some combustion engines." Natural gas, he explains, requires a special modification to be used effectively as a  in vehicles, much like biomass needs to be converted before it can be used as a drop-in fuel.
"With biomass, we are essentially taking something that exists in nature and converting it into a low-cost, low-carbon, domestically-sourced fuel. 
With this project, we're using natural gas as the input rather than biomass," said Simmons. Natural gas extracted from the ground is not renewable, he pointed out, but it is playing an increasingly important role for the Department of Energy and the nation's energy supply.



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