샌프란시스코 공공시설위원회(SFPUC)가 시공 후 4년 이상이 지난 지금 3억4천만 달러 규모의 길이 3.5마일 지진향상(seismically-improved) 터널이 샌프란시스코 만 지역에 있는 260만 명의 인구에게 물을 운송하고 있다고 최근 발표했다.

새 어빙턴(Irvington) 터널 프로젝트는 Hayward, Calaveras, San Andreas 지역에 지진에 견뎌낼 수 있는 물 공급줄을 만드는 세 개의 터널을 완성했다.

 

 

 

The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC) recently announced that after more than four years of construction, a new $340-million, 3.5-mile-long seismically-improved tunnel is now delivering water to 2.6 million people in the San Francisco Bay Area.

 

The New Irvington Tunnel Project completes the last of three new tunnels creating a water lifeline able to withstand earthquakes on the Hayward, Calaveras and San Andreas faults. Located between the Sunol Valley and Fremont, the project is part of SFPUC's $4.8-billion Water System Improvement Program.

 

"The seismically-resilient New Irvington Tunnel is a project that strengthens the backbone of the Hetch Hetchy Regional Water System," said SFPUC General Manager Harlan L. Kelly, Jr. "Our successful work investing in the water system will help ensure that we can reasonably protect the health and safety of our Bay Area customers and the economy."

 

The 8.5-foot-diameter New Irvington Tunnel was constructed parallel to the existing Irvington Tunnel, which was completed in 1932. A secondary tunnel allows the SFPUC to take either tunnel out of service for maintenance and inspections.

 

"Our goal is to restore water deliveries within 24 hours after a major earthquake in the Bay Area," said WSIP Director Daniel L. Wade. "The completion of this tunnel takes us a huge step closer to that critical goal."

 

The project has not been without its challenges. With the anticipation of complex geology, the new tunnel was constructed using conventional mining techniques rather than a tunnel boring machine. The crews mined from four separate headings using road headers and controlled detonation.

 

The miners experienced frequent ground class changes and extreme ranges of rock hardness during construction. In addition, heavy groundwater inflows and "squeezing" ground needed to be addressed along the way. In 2011, CalOSHA reclassified the tunnel as "gassy," requiring more rigorous measures to monitor for explosive or toxic gas and enhanced protective measures for worker safety.

 

Construction began in August 2010, and crews achieved their first 'hole through,' where the two tunneling teams met underground on June 12, 2012. The second hole through on October 8, 2013 marked the completion of tunnel excavation. Now, SFPUC celebrates bringing the new tunnel into service (see "Construction of first tunnel under SF Bay completed; provides reliable drinking water source"). 

 

In the coming weeks, crews will take the existing tunnel out of service for inspection. Meanwhile, the project team will work to restore aboveground facilities around the new tunnel. This above ground work will last through fall of 2015. Currently, the Water System Improvement Program, which is comprised of 83 projects, is more than 85 percent complete.

 

[출처 = Water World / 2015년 3월 4일]