캘리포니아가 주에 걸쳐 관개를 개선한 덕분에 많은 농부들이 지속적인 가뭄에 따른 심각한 물감축에도 불구하고 필드를 성공적으로 유지했다. 이는 농업 생산에 있어 미국자연자원보호청(Natural Resources Conservation Service, NRCS)의 도움으로 구현되었다.

 

2010년 앤더슨 코튼우드 관개구역(Anderson Cottonwood Irrigation District)에서 시행된 Farm Bill project에 테하마 카운티(Tehama County)의 Sam Williams가 참여한 것이 좋은 예이다. 2014년과 올해 다시 물제도의 25% 축소에도 불구하고 개선된 관개효율로 인해 Williams는 37% 적은 관개용수를 사용해 필드가 무성하게 유지될 수 있었다.

 

 

 

Thanks to irrigation improvements across the state of California -- which agricultural producers have implemented with help from the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) -- many farmers remain successful despite severe water cutbacks amid ongoing drought.

 

A good example is Tehama County rancher Sam Williams, who participated in a Farm Bill project in the Anderson Cottonwood Irrigation District (ACID) in 2010. Williams is using 37-percent less irrigation water, due to improved irrigation water efficiency, and his fields have stayed lush and green despite 25-percent water curtailments in 2014 and again this year. Likewise, he said that he has hardly been affected by the drought.
 
"It's saving a lot of water; the new system is much more efficient," said Williams. "It used to take me four days to irrigate everything. Now … I can do it in 24 hours. I had an old concrete pipeline, and I had leaks out the top, and probably the bottom and sides too. There's no telling how much water was lost. I didn't dream we'd improve it this much."

 

Working with NRCS, Williams was able to install nearly 6,000 linear feet of PVC pipeline to replace old leaky concrete pipes that supplied irrigation water to 130 acres of pasture and a small orchard. Several water structures were also installed to control flow, and NRCS redesigned his system so it works on the natural grade, increasing water pressure.

 

NRCS Civil Engineer Technician Moises Lozano agrees that Williams is saving a significant amount of water with the improved system. "He would use about 640 acre feet of water per season before the improvements," said Lozano. "Based on the irrigation design and last year's irrigation history, we calculate that he only applied 402 acre feet of water last season. That's a 37-percent water savings -- about 78 million gallons of water per year that he was able to save. That's about the same as 118 Olympic-sized swimming pools."

 

Water efficiency resulting from Williams' improvements and similar work done by 53 other program participants in Shasta County have helped all of ACID's customers to weather the drought. It has also saved the District a lot in pumping costs.

 

ACID General Manager Stan Wangberg said that improvements implemented by customers, as well as improvements carried out by the District itself, are what made it possible to deliver the water needed by customers despite 25-percent mandatory water cutbacks in 2014 and again in 2015 resulting from the severe drought.

 

Between 2010 and 2013, 54 landowners in the ACID service area participated in the local project. Together they installed more than 28,000 feet of pipe and 61 water control structures to improve water efficiency. That was in addition to 12,000 linear feet of pipe and new laterals that the District installed as part of its own system improvement plan.

 

The ACID project was funded through the former Agricultural Water Enhancement Program, a 2008 Farm Bill program that was replaced in the 2014 Farm Bill by the Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP). RCPP will continue to fund similar conservation projects and priorities in tandem with select partners.

 

[출처 = Water World / 2015년 9월 2일]