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¹Ì ¹ÌÁÖ¸® °úÇбâ¼ú´ëÇÐ(Missouri University of Science and Technology)ÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº »õ·Î¿î ÀüÂø¹ý(Electrodeposition Method)À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© °£´ÜÇϸ鼭 °æÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹°À» ¼ö¼Ò¿Í »ê¼Ò·Î ºÐÇØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹æ¾ÈÀ» µµÃâÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÅëÇØ Å¾翡³ÊÁö¸¦ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ ¿¬·á·Î È°¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °íÈ¿À² žçÀüÁö¸¦ »ý»êÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ì ¿¡³ÊÁöºÎ(Department of Energy)´Â À̹ø ¿¬±¸¸¦ Áö¿øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. »õ·Î¿î °øÁ¤Àº ¿¬·á·Î È°¿ëÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î ¼ö¼Ò »ý»ê·®À» Å©°Ô Áõ°¡½ÃÅ°´Âµ¥ ¸¹Àº µµ¿òÀ» ÁÙ °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëµÈ´Ù.

¹ÌÁÖ¸® °úÇбâ¼ú´ëÇÐÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº Nature Materials Àú³Î À¥»çÀÌÆ®¸¦ ÅëÇØ `An electrodeposited inhomogeneous metal-insulator-semiconductor junction for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation`À̶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀ¸·Î À̹ø ¿¬±¸¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ Àüü ³»¿ëÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¹ÌÁÖ¸® °úÇбâ¼ú´ëÇÐÀÇ Jay A. Switzer ¹Ú»ç´Â "ÀÌ ¿¬±¸´Â ž翡³ÊÁö°¡ °£ÇæÀûÀ¸·Î¸¸ È°¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϴµ¥ ±â¿©ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏ·ç Á¾ÀÏ ÇÑ Àå¼Ò¿¡¼­ ž翡³ÊÁö¸¦ »ý»êÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ºÐ¸íÇÑ »ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »õ·Î¿î °øÁ¤À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù¸é º¸´Ù ÀúÀåÀÌ ¿ëÀÌÇÑ ÇüÅ·Π¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ º¯È¯ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù"°í ¹àÇû´Ù.

Switzer ¹Ú»ç¿Í ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº ž翡³ÊÁö¸¦ Èí¼öÇϱâ À§ÇØ ½Ç¸®ÄÜ ¿þÀÌÆÛ(Silicon Wafers)¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº ¿þÀÌÆÛÀÇ Ç¥¸éÀº ž翡³ÊÁö ½Ã¹Ä·¹ÀÌÅÍ¿¡ ³ëÃâ½ÃÅ°µµ·Ï ÇÏ°í µÞ¸éÀº ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾È³»Çϱâ À§ÇÑ Àü±ØÀ¸·Î µ¤¿© ÀÖ´Â »óÅ¿¡¼­ ½Ç¸®ÄÜ ¿þÀÌÆÛ¸¦ ¹° ¼Ó¿¡ ´ã°¡µÎ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀüÂøÀ̶ó ºÒ¸®´Â °øÁ¤À» ½Ç¸®ÄÜ¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÏ¿© ÄÚ¹ßÆ® ³ª³ë¼¶(Cobalt Nano-island)À» Çü¼º½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.

½Ç¸®ÄÜ Ç¥¸é¿¡ ÀüüÀûÀ¸·Î Ã˸ŠÃþÀ» µ¤´Â ÇöÀçÀÇ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¿¬±¸¿Í´Â ´Ù¸£°Ô Switzer ±³¼öÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº ½Ç¸®ÄÜ Ç¥¸é¿¡ ÄÚ¹ßÆ® Ã˸ŷΠÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÀÛÀº Ŭ·¯½ºÅ͸¦ Á¡ ÇüÅ·ΠµÚµ¤°Ô ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °øÁ¤À» ÅëÇØ º¸È£ ±â´É»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´õ ³ôÀº Àü¾ÐÀ» »ý»êÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ¹ß°ßÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ž籤¿¡¼­ »ý»êµÈ Àü¾ÐÀº ¹°À» ¼ö¼Ò¿Í »ê¼Ò·Î ºÐ¸®Çϴµ¥ ÀÌ¿ëµÈ´Ù. ÄÚ¹ßÆ® ÄÚÆÃµÈ ½Ç¸®ÄÜ Àü±Ø¿¡¼­´Â »ê¼Ò°¡ ¹ß»ýµÇ¸ç, ´Ù¸¥ ¹é±Ý Àü±Ø¿¡¼­´Â ¼ö¼Ò°¡ »ý»êµÈ´Ù.

Switzer ¹Ú»ç´Â "¿ì¼± ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº ½Ç¸®ÄÜ¿¡ Ã˸ſªÇÒÀ» Çϸ鼭µµ Ç¥¸éÀ» º¸È£ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±ÕÀÏÇÑ ±Ý¼ÓÃþÀ» »ý»êÇؾ߸¸ Çß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀº ½ÇÁ¦·Î °íÀü¾ÐÀ» »ý»êÇϸç, ½Ç¸®ÄÜ¿¡ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Àû¿ëµÇ´Â Ãß°¡ ´Ü°è¸¦ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. À̵é ÄÚ¹ßÆ® ³ª³ë¼¶Àº ¸Å¿ì È¿À²ÀûÀÎ ¼¿À» »ý»êÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù"°í ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù.

Switzer ¹Ú»ç´Â žçÀüÁöÆÇ°ú ¿¡³ÊÁö¼¿ ÀÌ¿Ü¿¡ ´ë±Ô¸ð ¼ö¼Ò ¼öÁý ¹× ¿ÏÀüÇÑ Åº¼Ò Á߸³Àû ÇØ°á¹æ¾ÈÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ È°¿ë °¡´É¼ºÀ» º¸°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â "¿¬±¸ÁøÀº À̹ø °øÁ¤À» ¼ö¼Ò ÀÚµ¿Â÷¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÏ·Á ÇÑ´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ Àû¿ëÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù¸é ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ ¿¬·á·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÚµ¿Â÷¿¡¼­ ¹èÃâµÇ´Â °ÍÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ¹° »ÓÀÌ´Ù"¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
 
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New way to store solar energy could lead to more common solar cell usage

Researchers at Missouri University of Science and Technology have developed a relatively inexpensive and simple way to split water into hydrogen and oxygen through a new electrodeposition method. The method produces highly efficient solar cells that can gather solar energy for use as fuel.

The research, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, could lead to a sizable increase in the amount of hydrogen available for fuel usage.

The Missouri S&T researchers describe their full method in a paper published on the website of the journal Nature Materials.

"The work helps to solve the problem that solar energy is intermittent," says Dr. Jay A. Switzer, the Donald L. Castleman/Foundation for Chemical Research Professor of Discovery at Missouri S&T. "Obviously, we cannot have the sun produce energy on one spot the entire day, but our process converts the energy into a form that is more easily stored."

Switzer and his team use silicon wafers to absorb solar energy. The silicon is submerged in water, with the front surface exposed to a solar energy simulator and the back surface covered in electrodes to conduct the energy. The silicon has cobalt nano-islands formed onto it using a process called electrodeposition.

Unlike current research standards that cover the surface of the silicon entirely in a catalyst layer, Switzer has small clusters of cobalt catalysts dotted on the silicon's surface. This process was found to be just as protective and produced much higher voltages.

The generated voltage from the solar rays splits liquid water into hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen evolves at the cobalt-coated silicon electrode, and hydrogen evolves at the platinum counter electrode.

"Initially, we had set out to produce a uniform layer of metal that both catalyzed and protected the silicon, but found that this method actually produces a higher voltage and did not need an additional step that typically has to be applied to the silicon," says Switzer. "These nano-islands of cobalt produce a much more efficient cell."

Besides solar arrays and energy cells, Switzer sees potential usage of the results in large-scale hydrogen collection and even a fully carbon-neutral travel solution.

"If we use this process in hydrogen-fueled vehicles, the hydrogen would be used as fuel and the only thing dripping out of the tailpipe of the car would be water," says Switzer.

Switzer's co-authors of the paper, titled "An electrodeposited inhomogeneous metal-insulator-semiconductor junction for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation," are James C. Hill, a post-doctoral fellow at Missouri S&T, and Alan T. Landers, a 2015 chemistry graduate of Missouri S&T.
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