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[¿µ±¹]¡ºGlobal Water Market 2014¡» º¸°í¼­
À̸§ °ü¸®ÀÚ waterindustry@hanmail.net ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2013.08.07 Á¶È¸¼ö 7525
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¡ºGlobal Water Market 2014¡» º¸°í¼­.pdf

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GWI, ¡ºGlobal Water Market 2014¡» º¸°í¼­ ¹ß°£

¿µ±¹ ¹°Àü¹® ¸®¼­Ä¡±â°ü ±Û·Î¹ú ¿öÅÍ ÀÎÅÚ¸®Àü½º(GWI)»ç´Â ÃÖ±Ù ¡ºGlobal Water Market 2014¡» º¸°í¼­¸¦ ¹ß°£Çß´Ù.

GWI(Global Water Intelligence) ¹ß°£ÇÑ ÀÌ º¸°í¼­¿¡´Â 100¿©°³ ±¹°¡µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹°»ê¾÷ Àü¸ÁÄ¡¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¼öÀÚ¿ø °³¹ß, ¹° °ü·Ã ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸Ãà, Á¤¼ö ¹× Æó¼öó¸®, »ê¾÷¿ë¼ö »ý»ê µî °¢°¢ ´Ù¸¥ ÅõÀÚ °üÁ¡À» ³ªÅ¸³»°í ÀÖ´Ù.

º»Áö´Â ±¹³» ¹°»ê¾÷ ÇØ¿ÜÁøÃâ È°¼ºÈ­¸¦ À§ÇØ GWIÀÇ ¡ºGlobal Water Market 2014¡» º¸°í¼­¸¦ ¹ø¿ªÇÏ¿© ¿ø¹®(¿µ¾î)°ú ÇÔ²² ½Æ´Â´Ù.
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 ±¹Á¦ÅëÈ­±â±Ý(IMF) º¸°í¼­¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé, ¼¼°è °æÁ¦´Â Áö³­ÇØ 3.2% Áõ°¡¿¡ ºñÇØ ¿ÃÇØ 3.5% ¼ºÀåÇÒ Àü¸ÁÀÌ´Ù. GWI»ç°¡ ÃÖ±Ù ¹ß°£ÇÑ  ¡ºGlobal Water Market 2014¡» º¸°í¼­¿¡´Â ¹° °ü·Ã ÀÎÇÁ¶ó ÅõÀÚºñ¿ëÀº ¿ÃÇØ 4.9%(Áö³­ÇØ 3,7%) »ó½ÂÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í Çß´Ù. ¾î¶»°Ô ¹° °ü·Ã »ê¾÷ÀÌ °æÁ¦¼ºÀå·ü¿¡ ºñ±³ÇØ ´õ ³ªÀº ¼ºÀåÀ» ÀÌ·ê °ÍÀΰ¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀ» 2018³â±îÁöÀÇ ¿¹»ó ¼öÄ¡·Î ³ªÅ¸³»°í ÀÖ´Ù.

¹°»ê¾÷Àº °ú°Å¿¡ ÅõÀÚÀڵ鿡°Ô ½Ç¸Á½º·± °á°ú¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ¾úÀ¸³ª ÇöÀç´Â ¾î¶°ÇÑ º¯È­°¡ Àִ°¡?  ÀÌ º¸°í¼­´Â 100¿©°³ ±¹°¡µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹°»ê¾÷ Àü¸ÁÄ¡¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¼öÀÚ¿ø °³¹ß, ¹° °ü·Ã ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸Ãà, Á¤¼ö ¹× Æó¼öó¸®, »ê¾÷¿ë¼ö »ý»ê µî °¢°¢ ´Ù¸¥ ÅõÀÚ °üÁ¡À» ³ªÅ¸³»°í ÀÖ´Ù.

Áï, Áö¿ªº°·Î ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ¸¶ÄÉÆà ¹æ¹ýÀÌ »ç¿ëµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é Áß±¹¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¿ø¼ö°³¹ß(Çؼö´ã¼öÈ­ Æ÷ÇÔ)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚºñ¿ëÀº 2018³â±îÁö 75% Á¤µµ °¨¼ÒµÇ´Â Ãß¼¼ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ³²¼öºÏÁ¶ »ç¾÷ÀÇ 1´Ü°è °ø»ç°¡ °ÅÀÇ ¿Ï·á ´Ü°è¿¡ Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Æó¼öó¸® Ç÷£Æ®´Â Áß¡¤¼Òµµ½Ã¿¡¼­ °³¼±ÇÏ·Á´Â °èȹÀÌ ÁøÇà ÁßÀ¸·Î 81% Á¤µµ Áõ°¡°¡ ¿¹»óµÈ´Ù. Àüü ½ÃÀå ±Ô¸ð·Î º¸¸é °æÁ¦¼ºÀ庸´Ù ºü¸¥ ¼Óµµ·Î Áõ°¡°¡ ¿¹»óµÇ´Â ¼öó¸® 5°³ ºÐ¾ß¸¦ ¼±Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
 
The International Monetary Fund believes that the global economy will grow by 3.5% in 2013, compared to 3.2% in 2012. Meanwhile, in our newly published ¡ºGlobal Water Market 2014¡» report, Global Water Intelligence(GWI) is forecasting that capital expenditure on water infrastructure will grow by 4.9% in 2013, up from 3.7% in 2012. How can we be so sure that water will outperform the economy so convincingly both this year, and over the years included in the report? forecast period out to 2018?

The water industry has a history of disappointing investors. What makes it different this time? The report carries detailed forecasts of the outlook for water in 100 different countries, looking at different aspects of expenditure, including resource development, water and wastewater networks, treatment, and industrial water. Different markets are moving in very different ways.

For example, China? expenditure on water resource development (excluding desalination) is expected to fall by 75% over the years to 2018, as the first phase of the South-North Water Transfer reaches completion, but its expenditure on wastewater treatment plants is expected to rise by 81% as it pursues plans to improve wastewater treatment in smaller towns and cities. Stepping back and looking at the market as a whole, however, one can pick out five distinct themes which are driving expenditure in the water market at a rate quicker than the economy as a whole.
 
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»ê¾÷°è ¹× µµ½Ã¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¹° »ý»ê·®Àº ¿©·¯ ¼öÀÚ¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÃÑ 1õ182§ªÀ» »ý»êÇß´Ù. ÀÌÁß¿¡ 841§ªÀº »ç¿ëÀÚ ±Ùó Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ÀÇ ÁöÇ¥¼ö, 4§ªÀº ¸Õ °Å¸®·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹° ÀÌ¼Û ÃßÁø¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿©, 186§ª´Â Àç»ý°¡´ÉÀÇ ÁöÇϼö·Î, 134§ªÀº Àç»ý ºÒ°¡´ÉÀÇ ÁöÇϼö, ±×¸®°í ¹Ù´å¹°À̳ª ¿°¼öÀÇ ´ã¼öÈ­ 󸮷Π17§ª¸¦ »ý»êÇß´Ù. 2030³â±îÁö Àüü ¼ö¿ä´Â 1õ562§ª·Î ´Ã¾î³¯ Àü¸ÁÀ̸ç ÀÌµé ´ëºÎºÐÀº ¸ðµÎ Àú·ÅÇÏ°í °£ÆíÇÑ ¼öÀÚ¿ø °³¹ß·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý»êµÇ±â ¾î·Á¿î Çö½ÇÀÌ´Ù.

   
 

¸Õ °Å¸®·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ¹° ÀÌ¼Û ÃßÁø, ´ã¼öÈ­ ¹× ¹°ÀÇ ÀçÀÌ¿ë ºÐ¾ß·Î ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â ½ÃÀå ±Ô¸ð´Â 2011³â 1.8%¿¡¼­ 2030³â¿¡´Â 5.7%·Î »ó½ÂµÉ Àü¸ÁÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦±îÁö´Â Àúºñ¿ëÀÇ ¼öÀÚ¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ °ø±ÞÀÌ ÁÖ¿ä °ø±Þ¿øÀÌÁö¸¸ [Ç¥ 1]¿¡ Ç¥½ÃµÈ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ non-traditional ¼öÀÚ¿øÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¸¦ º¸¸é ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¼öÀÚ¿ø °³¹ß·Î ÀÎÇÑ ÅõÀÚºñ¿ëÀº 8.2% »ó½ÂµÊÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 
 
The rising marginal cost of water
We estimate that industrial and municipal water users withdrew around 1,182§ª of water from the environment in 2011. Of this, 841§ª is thought to have come from surface water near to where it was used; 4§ª came from long-distance water transfer projects, 186§ª came from renewable groundwater, and 134§ª from non-renewable groundwater.

Seawater and brackish water desalination, together with reuse, represent around 17§ª of demand. By 2030, we estimate that total demand will rise to 1,562§ª, but not all of this water can come from cheap and convenient resources. The share coming from long-distance transfer, desalination and water reuse will rise from 1.8% in 2011 to 5.7% in 2030.

Although low-cost water resources will remain the overwhelmingly dominant source of supply, when you look at the cost of developing non-traditional resources (see table-second image), it is easy to understand why we believe that expenditure on developing new water resources will grow by 8.2% over the period 2013-2018.

   
 
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¹° °ü·Ã ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚºñ¿ëÀÇ 92%´Â °ø°øºÎ¹®À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹ß»ýµÈ´Ù. °ø°øºÎ¹® ÅõÀÚ´Â °ø°øÀÇ ÅõÀÚ¿©·ÂÀÌ °¡Àå ÃæºÐÇÑ ¶§ÀÎ °æÁ¦ »çÀÌŬÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡¼­ ÃÖ´ë°¡ µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »óȲÀº °æ±âȸº¹ ÆݵåÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π°æ±â ÇÏ°­±â¿¡µµ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ÅõÀÚ°¡ ¹ß»ýµÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °æ±â ȸº¹ÀÇ Ãʱâ´Ü°è¿¡¼­ °ø°øÀÇ ÅõÀÚ ¿©·ÂÀº °¡Àå ÃÖ¼Ò°¡ µÇ¸ç ÇöÀç ±Û·Î¹ú °æÁ¦´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »óȲ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. À̶§ ¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚ ¼öÁØÀº °æ±â°¡ ÃÖ´ëÀÏ ¶§ÀÇ ¼öÁغ¸´Ù ÈξÀ ³·¾ÆÁø´Ù.

¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­´Â 2008³â ¿©¸§¿¡ °æ±â°¡ Á¤Á¡À̾úÀ¸³ª, ¼öó¸® ºÐ¾ßÀÇ ÁöÃâÀº Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î 2010³â Á߹ݱîÁö ¼ºÀå¼¼¸¦ À¯ÁöÇß´Ù. ±×¶§ °æ±âȸº¹ Æݵå ÀÚ±ÝÀº ¹Ù´ÚÀÌ ³µÀ¸¸ç ¼öó¸® °ü·Ã ÁöÃâÀº 2011¡­2012³â ±â°£ µ¿¾È Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î °¨¼ÒµÇ´Â Ãß¼¼¿´´Ù. ÇöÀç ¹Ì±¹Àº °æÁ¦ »çÀÌŬÀÇ ¹Ù´Ú¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸À̸ç, 2014³â Æó¼ö°ü·Ã ºñ¿ëÀº 6.3% Áõ°¡¸¦ ¿¹»óÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.    À¯·´ÀÇ ³²ºÎ ¹× ÀϺΠµ¿ºÎ ±¹°¡µéÀº ¹° °ü·Ã ÁöÃâ¸é¿¡¼­ °æÁ¦ »çÀÌŬÀÇ ¹Ù´Ú»óÅ·Π¸î ³â°£ Áö¼ÓµÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÌ Áö¿ªÀº EU Á¦Á¤ÀÇ Æó¼ö °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ(Urban Waste Water Directive) À» ÁؼöÇÏ·Á´Â ³ë·ÂÀ» Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÇÇàÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç °æÁ¦°¡ ȸº¹ ´Ü°è¿¡ µé¾î¿À¸é ÀÌÀüÀÇ Çö±ÝÁöÃâ ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ ÇÁ¶û½º¿Í µ¶ÀÏÀÇ Àü¸ÁÀ» ºñ±³¡¤°ËÅäÇϸé Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â »ç½ÇÀÌ Àִµ¥, ÇÁ¶û½º´Â EUÀÇ °¡À̵å¶óÀÎ Á¶°Ç¿¡ ºÎÇյǴ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÃßÁøÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª µ¶ÀÏÀº ±×·¯ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ½ÇÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù.

¹° °ü·Ã ÅõÀÚ°¡ °æÁ¦ »çÀÌŬÀÇ ÈĹݿ¡¼­ ÀϾ´Â ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ¹è°æÀ¸·Î´Â °³¹ßµµ»ó±¹µéÀÌ ±Þ¼ÓÇÑ °æÁ¦¼ºÀå¿¡ Á÷¸éÇÒ ¶§ ¹° °ü·Ã ÀÎÇÁ¶ó ºñ¿ëÀº Àüü GDP ¼ºÀå·üÀÌ ¼­¼­È÷ Áõ°¡µÇ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î ÃßÁøµÇ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ BRIC ±¹°¡(ºê¶óÁú, ·¯½Ã¾Æ, Àεµ ¹× Áß±¹)´Â ÇâÈÄ 5³â°£ ±Þ°ÝÇÑ ¼ºÀå¼¼¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î Àü¸ÁµÇ¸ç, ÀεµÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â 2013¡­2018³â ¼öó¸® ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚºñ¿ë ÁöÃâÀÌ 2¹è ÀÌ»ó È®´ëµÉ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿¹»óµÈ´Ù.
 
   
¡ã ¸Õ °Å¸®·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ¹° ÀÌ¼Û ÃßÁø, ´ã¼öÈ­ ¹× ¹° ÀçÀÌ¿ë ºÐ¾ß·Î ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â ½ÃÀå ±Ô¸ð´Â 2011³â 1.8%¿¡¼­ 2030³â¿¡´Â 5.7%·Î »ó½ÂµÉ Àü¸ÁÀÌ´Ù. »çÁøÀº µÎ»êÁß°ø¾÷ÀÌ »ç¿ìµð¾Æ¶óºñ¾Æ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ Çؼö´ã¼öÈ­½Ã¼³.
Water is a late cycle business
Around 92% of capital expenditure on water infrastructure comes from the public purse. Public sector spending tends to peak late in the economic cycle, because that is when public finances are strongest. They may continue a little into an economic downturn in the form of stimulus spending, but during the early stages of recovery, public finances are at their weakest, and that is where we are today.

Levels of capital expenditure on water are well below what they were at the peak. In the US, for example, the economy peaked during the summer of 2008, but wastewater spending continued to grow until mid-2010, when stimulus money began to run out. Both water and wastewater spending continued to decline during 2011 and 2012.
The US is probably at the bottom of the cycle. We forecast that in 2014, wastewater spending in the US will increase by 6.3%, as expenditure returns to previous trends. Southern and parts of eastern Europe are probably a couple of years from the bottom of the cycle in water spending terms.

Nevertheless, these regions remain committed to meeting the requirements of the EU Urban Waste Water Directive, so that when the recovery comes, it should be possible to expect a return to pre-crash spending levels. In that sense, it is interesting to compare the spending outlooks for France and Germany. The former still has outstanding commitments to EU directives requiring action, whereas the latter does not.

The other aspect of being a late-cycle business is that when developing countries experience rapid economic growth, water infrastructure spending tends to accelerate just as the overall rate of GDP growth starts to slow. In that sense, the BRIC nations (Brazil, Russia, India and China) are expected to enjoy some of the strongest growth rates over the next five years. India, for example, is expected to more than double its capital expenditure on water and wastewater infrastructure between 2013 and 2018.
 
 
   
 
   
 
±Þ°ÝÇÑ µµ½ÃÈ­¡¦Æó¼öó¸®ºÐ¾ß ÁöÃâ È®´ë
Æó¼öÀÇ ¼öÁý, ó¸® ¹× ½½·¯Áö °ü¸®´Â µµ½Ã »ýÈ°¿¡¼­ °ü½ÉÀÌ ÀûÀº ÆíÀ̳ª Çʿ伺Àº Å« ºÐ¾ßÀÌ´Ù. ±Þ°ÝÇÏ°Ô »ê¾÷È­°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ´Â ±¹°¡¿¡¼­ Æó¼ö ¼öÁý ¹× 󸮿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚ´Â ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. ÇâÈÄ 5³â°£ ±âÁØÀ¸·Î Æó¼ö °ü·Ã ÀÎÇÁ¶ó ºñ¿ëÀº À½¿ë¼ö ó¸®ÀÇ ºñ¿ëº¸´Ù ÈξÀ »óȸÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î Àü¸ÁÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

¼±Áø±¹¿¡¼­ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÅõÀÚºñ¿ëÀº ÅëÇÕ ¿À¼öó¸®ÀåÀÇ ¿ù·ùÇö»ó(combined sewer overflow)ÀÇ ÇØ°á ¹× ½½·¯Áö °ü¸® ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ÁßÁ¡À» µÎ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °³¹ß ÃßÁø ÁßÀÎ ±¹°¡µéÀº ¿À¼öÀÇ ºÐ¹è¸Á(sewer network) ¹× ¿À¼öó¸® Ç÷£Æ® °Ç¼³ÀÌ °¡Àå ÁöÃâÀÌ Å« ºÐ¾ßÀÌ´Ù. Æó¼ö ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àüü·Î¼­ÀÇ ÅõÀÚºñ¿ëÀº ¿¬°£ 5% Áõ°¡°¡ ¿¹»óµÇ¸ç ºÐ¾ßº°·Î Çø±â¼º ¼ÒÈ­(anaerobic digestion) 9.7%, Æø±â(aeration) ºÐ¾ß´Â 6.2%·Î ±Þ°ÝÈ÷ »ó½ÂµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Urbanisation drives wastewater spending
 
Wastewater collection, treatment and sludge management are the forgotten necessities of urban life. Rapidly industrialising countries cannot avoid spending money on wastewater collection and treatment for very long. We expect capital expenditure on wastewater infrastructure to outstrip capital spending on drinking water systems over the next five years.

In the developed world, much of the spending will focus on combined sewer overflow correction, and sludge management. In the developing world, sewer networks and treatment plants will be the most significant expenditure items. Overall, capital expenditure on wastewater infrastructure is growing by 5.0% per year, but certain niches such as anaerobic digestion (9.7%) and aeration (6.2%) are growing more rapidly.
 
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»ê¾÷ü »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÇ ¹° ¼Òºñ´Â µµ½Ã¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¹° ¼ö¿äº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ºü¸£°Ô ¼ºÀåÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀ̸ç À̴  »ê¾÷ü »ç¿ëÀڵ鿡°Ô ´Ù¾çÇÑ ºÎ´ãÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Â´Ù. ÀÚ¿¬»óÅÂÀÇ ¼öÀÚ¿ø, Áï low-grade ores, shale gas, oil sands, coal bed methane ¹× tertiary oil recovery µîÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿©ºÐÀÇ ¼öÀÚ¿øÀ» È°¿ëÀÌ Àû±Ø ÃßÁøµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

   
¡ã Áß±¹ÀÌ 2016³â±îÁö °¡Àå Å« ¼öó¸® ½ÃÀåÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀ̸ç Á¦Ç°ÀÇ ½ÃÀå ȯ°æÀ¸·Î º¸¾Æ,»ê¾÷ü ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­µµ ÁÖµµÀû ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.»çÁøÀº »óÇÏÀÌÇϼöó¸®Àå.


ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÚ¿øÀº ÀÚü ¹ß»ý Æó¼ö󸮿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇϸç, À̵éÀº Àü ¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¹Àº °÷¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª ÃßÃâ °øÁ¤À» ÃßÁøÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ¶ÇÇÑ ¸¹Àº 󸮺ñ¿ëÀ» °¨¼öÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ¿Ü¿¡ ºê·£µå °ü¸® ¹× »çȸÀû Ã¥ÀÓ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »çÇ×µµ ¹° °ü·Ã ÅõÀÚ¿¡ ¸¹Àº ºñ¿ëÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ¸ç ¹èÃâ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤ ¶ÇÇÑ ºñ¿ë ÁöÃâ¿¡ Ä¿´Ù¶õ ÀÚ±ØÁ¦°¡ µÈ´Ù.
 
Industry needs to spend on water
Water spending by industrial users is expected to grow more quickly than the municipal water sector. This reflects a number of additional pressures affecting industrial water users. The natural resources industries are increasingly pursuing more marginal resources such as low-grade ores, shale gas, oil sands, coal bed methane, and tertiary oil recovery. Typically, these involve significant wastewater treatment challenges, although many of these resources lie in areas of the world where meeting process water requirments requires significant expenditure as well.

   
 

   
 

In other sectors, brand management and corporate social responsibility are driving greater investment in water-efficient technologies, while tighter regulations on discharges are also a significant catalyst for expenditure.
 
ÃßÁ¤Ä¡ »êÁ¤¿¡ ¿©·¯ º¯¼ö Á¸Àç
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÃßÁ¤Ä¡°¡ À߸ø »êÁ¤µÇ´Â µ¿±â´Â Áß±¹°æÁ¦°¡ 6% ÀÌÇÏ·Î ´õµð°Ô ¼ºÀåµÉ ¶§, Brent Crude°¡ 80´Þ·¯ ¹ØÀ¸·Î ¶³¾îÁú ¶§, ȤÀº ¹Ì±¹ ¼ºÀåÀÌ ¸ØÃß¾îÁö´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ ¹ß»ýµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Áß±¹ÀÌ 2016³â±îÁö °¡Àå Å©°í À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¼öó¸® ½ÃÀåÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀ̸ç Á¦Ç°ÀÇ ½ÃÀå ȯ°æÀ¸·Î º¸¾Æ, Áß±¹ÀÌ »ê¾÷ü ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­µµ ÁÖµµÀû ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

°ÉÇÁÁö¿ªÀÇ ¼®À¯±¹°¡ ¿¬ÇÕüÀÎ GCC ±¹°¡ÀÇ µµ½Ã¿ë ¼öó¸® ½ÃÀå¿¡¼­´Â ¼®À¯°¡°ÝÀÌ °¡Àå Å« º¯¼ö°¡ µÇ¸ç, ¼®À¯Á¦Á¶ °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ÀÇ »ê¾÷°è ¹° °ü·Ã ÁöÃâµµ ¼®À¯°¡°ÝÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÑÆí, ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ °æ±âȸº¹µµ ÃßÁ¤Ä¡ »êÁ¤¿¡¼­ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ º¯¼ö°¡ µÇ´Â °ÍÀº ¸í¹éÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
 
Forecast are fallible
The moment to tear up these forecasts is when growth in the Chinese economy slows below 6%, Brent Crude falls below $80, or US growth grinds to a halt. China will become the largest single water market by 2016, and through the commodities market, it is also a major driver of the industrial sector.

The oil price is significant for the GCC municipal water market, as well as industrial water spending in oilproducing countries. The US recovery is important for obvious reasons.

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