Áñ°Üã±â Ãß°¡     ½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö·Î ¼³Á¤ óÀ½À¸·Î  l  ·Î±×ÀΠ l  È¸¿ø°¡ÀÔ  l  »çÀÌÆ®¸Ê

>
ȸ¿ø°¡ÀÔ   l   ¾ÆÀ̵ð/ºñ¹Ð¹øȣã±â
¡®Á¦38ȸ 2023³â »ó¹Ý±â ...
¡®Á¦37ȸ 2022³â ÇϹݱâ ...
Á¦37ȸ ¡¸2022³â ÇϹݱâ ...
 
HOME > ¹°»ê¾÷±â¼ú > ÃֽŴº½º
[½ºÆäÀÎ] ¡°½º¸¶Æ®½ÃƼ¼­ ¹°°ü¸® µðÁöÅÐÈ­¡¤ÃÖÀûÈ­¡¤º¸È£¹æ¹ý °áÁ¤¡±
À̸§ °ü¸®ÀÚ waterindustry@hanmail.net ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2023.05.08 Á¶È¸¼ö 503
ÆÄÀÏ÷ºÎ

[½ºÆäÀÎ] ¡°½º¸¶Æ®½ÃƼ¼­ ¹°°ü¸® µðÁöÅÐÈ­¡¤ÃÖÀûÈ­¡¤º¸È£¹æ¹ý °áÁ¤¡±

½ºÆäÀÎ ¿Àº£¸£Å¸ µ¥ Ä«Å»·ç³Ä ´ëÇÐ Àü¹®°¡ÀÎ ºô¶ó¸£¡¤ÆĶó´Ù¡¤¸óÁ¶ ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀÌ °øµ¿¿¬±¸

¹° °ø±Þ¸Á È®º¸ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸¼º°ú ƯÁ¤ À¯ÇüÀÇ Çϵå¿þ¾î °³¹ß



UOC(¿Àº£¸£Å¸ µ¥ Ä«Å»·ç³Ä ´ëÇб³)ÀÇ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â ¹° °ø±Þ¸ÁÀ» È®º¸ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸¼º°ú ƯÁ¤ À¯ÇüÀÇ Çϵå¿þ¾î¸¦ °³¹ßÇß´Ù. ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº ½º¸¶Æ® ½ÃƼ¿¡¼­ ¹°°ü¸®¸¦ µðÁöÅÐÈ­, ÃÖÀûÈ­ ¹× º¸È£ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù°í ¹àÇû´Ù. [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = UOC(¿Àº£¸£Å¸ µ¥ Ä«Å»·ç³Ä ´ëÇб³) /  ¾ðÇ÷¡½Ã(unsplash)]

UOC(¿Àº£¸£Å¸ µ¥ Ä«Å»·ç³Ä ´ëÇб³)ÀÇ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â ¹° °ø±Þ¸ÁÀ» È®º¸ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸¼º°ú ƯÁ¤ À¯ÇüÀÇ Çϵå¿þ¾î¸¦ °³¹ßÇß´Ù. ¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº ½º¸¶Æ® ½ÃƼ¿¡¼­ ¹°°ü¸®¸¦ µðÁöÅÐÈ­, ÃÖÀûÈ­ ¹× º¸È£ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù°í ¹àÇû´Ù. [»çÁøÃâó(Photo source) = UOC(¿Àº£¸£Å¸ µ¥ Ä«Å»·ç³Ä ´ëÇб³) / ¾ðÇ÷¡½Ã(unsplash)]


°úÇÐ ÇмúÁö ¡ºMDPI ½º¸¶Æ® ½ÃƼ¡»¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥


À̹ø ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÀúÀÚÀÎ Å©¸®½ºÆ¼³ª ºô¶ó¸£(Cristina Villar) UOC Åë½Å°øÇÐ ¼®»ç.
À̹ø ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÀúÀÚÀÎ Å©¸®½ºÆ¼³ª ºô¶ó¸£(Cristina Villar) UOC Åë½Å°øÇÐ ¼®»ç.

ÃÖ±Ù ½ºÆäÀÎ ¹Ù¸£¼¿·Î³ª ¼öµµ±Ç¿¡¼­ º¸°íµÈ °Í°ú °°Àº ´ëµµ½Ã ÇÏÃþÅä(subsoil)ÀÇ °¡¹³°ú ´ë±Ô¸ð ´©¼ö·Î ÀÎÇØ µµ½Ãȯ°æÀÇ ¼öÀÚ¿ø °ü¸®¸¦ °³¼±ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±× ¾î´À ¶§º¸´Ù Àý½ÇÇÑ »óȲÀÌ´Ù. 


»ó¼öµµ ¹× Á¤È­ ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¸¦ À§ÇÑ ½º¸¶Æ®ÇÏ°í ¿¬°áµÈ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ±¸Çö¿¡´Â ºÐ¸íÇÑ ÀÌÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³²¿¡ µû¶ó ¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÇöÀç µðÁöÅÐÈ­°¡ ºÎÁ·ÇÑ ºÐ¾ßÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀüȯÀº ¹ÎøÇÏ°í ½ÅÁßÇÏ°Ô ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.


»õ·Î¿î ¿¬±¸°¡ ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Åä´ë¸¦ ¸¶·ÃÇß´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÁÖ ÀúÀÚ´Â ¿Àº£¸£Å¸ µ¥ Ä«Å»·ç³Ä ´ëÇб³(University of Oberta de Catalunya ; UOC) Á¹¾÷»ýÀÌÀÚ ½ºÆäÀÎ ÃÖ°íÀÇ ±â¼úȸ»ç Áß ÇÑ °÷ÀÇ Á÷¿øÀÎ Å©¸®½ºÆ¼³ª ºô¶ó¸£(Cristina Villar)ÀÌ´Ù. ±×³à´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ À¯ÇüÀÇ ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¸¦ À§ÇÑ µðÁöÅÐÈ­ ¹× º¸¾È ¼Ö·ç¼ÇÀ» ¼³°èÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.


UOC(º£¸£Å¸ µ¥ Ä«Å»·ç³Ä ´ëÇб³)¿¡¼­ Àü±âÅë½Å°øÇÐ ¼®»çÇÐÀ§¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÃÖÁ¾ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®·Î ¼öÇàµÈ ÀÌ ¿¬±¸´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °»½ÅÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¹«¾ùÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö °ËÅäÇÏ°í ¹° °ø±Þ¸Á(water supply chain)À» È®º¸ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸Á¶(network architecture)¿Í ƯÁ¤ À¯ÇüÀÇ Çϵå¿þ¾î¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. 


±âÈĺ¯È­¿Í Àα¸ Áõ°¡°¡ ÀÌ ÀÚ¿øÀ» Á¡Á¡ ´õ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» °í·ÁÇÒ ¶§ ÀÌ°ÍÀº Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù.


ÀÌ ¿¬±¸ÀÇ Ã¹ ¹ø° ÀúÀÚ·Î µîÀçµÈ ºô¶ó¸£(Villar)´Â ¡°¼öó¸®¿Í °ü¸®¿¡¼­, µðÁöÅÐ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ(digital protocols)ÀÇ °³¹ß°ú Ç¥ÁØÈ­°¡ »ó´çÈ÷ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â µ¶Æ¯Çϰųª À¯¿¬ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ¼³°è¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â ´ë½Å, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ È¯°æÀ» Àδõ½ºÆ®¸® 4.0(Industry 4.0) ¹× ½ºÆäÀÎ ¹ý·üÀÇ ¿ä±¸¿¡ ¸Â°Ô Á¶Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿î¿µ ±â¹ÝÀ» ¸¶·ÃÇÏ°íÀÚ Çß´Ù¡±°í ¼³¸íÇß´Ù.


ºô¶ó¸£(Villar)ÀÇ ¼®»çÇÐÀ§ ÃÖÁ¾ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â °ø°³ÀûÀ¸·Î ÃâÆǵǾú°í ÇöÀç ·è¼ÀºÎ¸£Å© ´ëÇб³(University of Luxembourg)ÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿øÀÎ ºòÅÍ ¸óÁ¸ ¹èÀÚ(Victor Monzon Baeza)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °¨µ¶µÇ¾ú´Ù.


¿ì¼öÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ ¾òÀº ÀÌ ¿¬±¸´Â ³ªÁß¿¡ Ä«Å»·ç³Ä Åë½Å±â¼ú¼¾ÅÍ(Telecommunications Technology Centre of Catalonia)ÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿øÀÎ ¶ó¿ï ÆĶó´Ù(Raul Parada)¿Í UOC ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °úÇÐ, ¸ÖƼ¹Ìµð¾î ¹× Åë½ÅÇкÎÀÇ ±¸¼º¿øÀÎ Ä«¸¦·Î½º ¸óÁ¶(Carlos Monzo)°¡ °øµ¿À¸·Î ÀÛ¼ºÇÑ ¿¬±¸ ³í¹®À¸·Î, ¼¼°è¿¡¼­ °¡Àå Å« ¿ÀÇ ¾×¼¼½º °úÇÐ ÇмúÁö ÃâÆÇ»çÀÎ MDPI ½º¸¶Æ® ½ÃƼ(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Smart Cities)¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥µÇ¾ú´Ù.


º¹ÀâÇÑ ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó(A complex architecture)


À̵éÀÇ °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ ¹° °ø±Þ¸Á°ú ¿¬°áµÈ Áß¿ä ±â¹Ý½Ã¼³ÀÇ °»½ÅÀº Á¶Ä¡ ¹× ÃøÁ¤ ±×·ì(ÇöÀå ¼¾¼­ÀÇ ´ë±Ô¸ð ¹è¿­)°ú °£¼·ÀÌ ¾ø´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó¸¦ ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© Àû¿ë ¹üÀ§¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ°í Á¦¾ÈµÈ ¼Ö·ç¼ÇÀÇ ÁßÃßÀÎ ÇÙ½É ÄÄÇ»Æà ±×·ì¿¡ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ Àü¼ÛÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.


½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ÀÌ ºÎºÐÀº ¼¾¼­·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ðµç µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ¼öÁýÇÏ°í ¾×Ãß¿¡ÀÌÅÍ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸í·ÉÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸í·ÉÀº ½Ã½ºÅÛ À¯Áö°ü¸®¸¦ ´ã´çÇÏ´Â ¿î¿µÀÚ°¡ ¼öµ¿À¸·Î ÀÔ·ÂÇϰųª ÀÚµ¿È­ÇÏ¿© ¹°°ü¸® ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ÀÀ´ä ½Ã°£À» °³¼±ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


¸ðµç µ¥ÀÌÅÍ´Â ¸ù°íµðºñ(MongoDB)¿Í °°Àº ³ë¿¡½ºÅ¥¿¤(NoSQL) µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º¿¡ ÀúÀåµÇ¸ç, °³ÀÎ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ󸮼¾ÅÍ(data processing centres ; DPC)¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ °í°¡¿ë¼º ¼­¹ö¿¡ ±¸ÃàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀÌ»óÀûÀÌ´Ù. 


ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¼­¹ö´Â ¹é¾÷ ¹× º¹Á¦µÇ¹Ç·Î ¸¸ÀÏÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ °¡µ¿ »óŸ¦ À¯ÁöÇÏ°í ¼­ºñ½º Áß´ÜÀ» °ÞÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.


ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¤º¸´Â µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ºÐ¼® ÇÁ·Î¼¼¼­¸¦ ÅëÇØ ÃßÃâ ¹× ¿¬±¸µÇ°í Ãß°¡ °è»ê ¹× ÀΰøÁö´É Àû¿ëÀ» À§ÇØ Å¬¶ó¿ìµå¿¡ ¾÷·ÎµåµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀúÀÚµéÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸ðµç Åë½Å º¸¾È ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀ» »ç¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÇöÀå ÀåÄ¡¿¡ Çù´ë¿ª »ç¹°ÀÎÅͳÝ(NB-IoT ; NarrowBand-Internet of Things) ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀ» äÅÃÇÏ°í, ³ôÀº ¼öÁØÀÇ Ä¿¹ö¸®Áö¸¦ Á¦°øÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¿¬°áÀ» À§ÇØ 4G ¸ð¹ÙÀÏ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ äÅÃÇÒ °ÍÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÑ´Ù.


[±×¸² 1] ÄÄÇ»Æà ÇÙ½É ±×·ì ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó

[±×¸²Ãâó(picture source) =  MDPI]

[±×¸²Ãâó(picture source) = MDPI]

 

¿ì¼±¼øÀ§ 1 : º¸¾È(Priority one : security)


°ü·ÃµÈ ¸ðµç ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ÇöÀçÀÇ ±ÔÁ¦ ±âÁØÀ» ÁؼöÇÏ°í ÃÖÀûÀÇ ¼º´ÉÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ¿ä±¸»çÇ×À» ÃæÁ·ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡´Â °í°¡¿ë¼º, ¼­ºñ½º Áß´Ü ¾ø´Â ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®, 24x7(¸ÅÀÏ °¡´ÉÇÑ ¼­ºñ½º) ¿ø°Ý ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µÀ» Áö¿øÇÏ´Â À¯Áöº¸¼ö °èȹ, 󸮸¦ À§ÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¼öÀ² ±ÕÀÏÈ­ °¡´É¼º µîÀÇ ¿äÀÎÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ.


ÀúÀÚÀÎ Å©¸®½ºÆ¼³ª ºô¶ó¸£(Cristina Villar)´Â ¡°½Ã½ºÅÛ º¸¾ÈÀ» À¯ÁöÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¹°¸®ÀûÀÌµç °¡»ó ÀÌµç ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ¼¼ºÐÈ­µÈ ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¸¦ ±¸ÃàÇÏ°í ¼Ö·ç¼ÇÀ» Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ÀÌÁßÈ­¸¦ º¸ÀåÇÏ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î Ŭ·¯½ºÅÍ ¸ðµå¿¡ ¿©·¯ ¹æÈ­º®ÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °í°¡¿ë¼º ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¸¦ ±¸ÃàÇÒ °Í¡±À» ±ÇÀåÇÑ´Ù.


ºô¶ó¸£´Â ¡°»çÀ̹ö º¸¾ÈÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Áß¿äÇÑ ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¿¡¼­ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇϹǷΠ±ÇÀå ÁöħÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡´Â ³ôÀº °¡¿ë¼ºÀ» º¸ÀåÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¹æÈ­º®°ú ¼­¹ö¸¦ Áö¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ À§Ä¡¿¡ ¹èÆ÷ÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ À§Ä¡ Áß Çϳª¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýÇÑ Ãæµ¹ÀÌ ³ª¸ÓÁö¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡Áö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÇÏ°í µÎ °³ÀÇ DPC(µ¥ÀÌÅÍ󸮼¾ÅÍ)¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ. ¾Æ¹«µµ ÇØÄ¿°¡ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ħÀÔÇؼ­ ¹°ÀÌ ¾ø´Â ¸¶À»À» ¶°³ª´Â °ÍÀ» ¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¡±¶ó°í °­Á¶Çß´Ù.


ÀÚµ¿È­µÈ °³¼±»çÇ×(Automated improvements)


ÀÌ µðÁöÅÐÈ­ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º´Â ¸¹Àº ÀÛ¾÷À» ÀÚµ¿È­ÇÏ°í »ýÅÂȯ°æÀ» º¯°æÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï Á¤¼ö°¡ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ³ôÀºÁö È®ÀÎÇÏ°í ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼­ ¼ÒºñÇÏ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁö ¾çÀ» ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ°í ´©¼ö¸¦ ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°Ô °¨ÁöÇÏ°í Á¶Ä¡ÇÏ´Â µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ °³¼±»çÇ×À» Ãâ½ÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 


Áï, ¹° °ø±Þ¸Á, Á¤¼öó¸® ¼öÁØÀ» ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µÇÏ°í ¿¬°£ ±Þ¼ö ¼­ºñ½º°¡ ÁߴܵǴ Æò±Õ ½Ã°£À» °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.


Á¦¾ÈµÈ ÀÎÇÁ¶óÀÇ ÀÌÁ¡Àº NB-IoT(Çù´ë¿ª »ç¹°ÀÎÅͳÝ) ¼¾¼­ÀÇ ³·Àº °æÁ¦Àû ºñ¿ë°ú ³·Àº Àü·Â ¼Òºñ, ¸ð¹ÙÀÏ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ ÅëÇÑ Àå°Å¸® Åë½ÅÀ» °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â LPWAN(ÀúÀü·Â ±¤¿ªÅë½Å¸Á) ¼Ö·ç¼Ç ÇÏ¿¡¼­ »ç¿ë °¡´ÉÇÑ ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ¼¾¼­, ±×¸®°í ³·Àº ÅõÀÚºñ¿ëÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 


ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀüÈ­ »ç¾÷ÀÚ°¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ±âÁ¸ 4G ¹«¼±±¹ ÀÎÇÁ¶ó¸¦ È°¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¿ÀÇ ¼Ò½º °ü¸® Ç÷§ÆûÀ» »ç¿ëÇϸé Ç÷§Æû°ú ÅëÇÕµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¾ÖÇø®ÄÉÀÌ¼Ç ÄÚµå¿ÍÀÇ È£È¯¼ºÀÌ Çâ»óµÈ´Ù.


[±×¸² 2] Çൿ ¹× ÃøÁ¤ ±×·ì ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó

[±×¸²Ãâó(picture source) =  MDPI]

[±×¸²Ãâó(picture source) = MDPI]

 

ÀΰøÁö´É(Artificial intelligence)


ÀúÀÚµéÀº ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸¼º ¿ä¼ÒÀÇ ¿¹¹æÀû À¯Áöº¸¼ö¸¦ °­È­ÇÏ¿© ºÎÇ° ¸¶¸ð·Î ÀÎÇÑ »ç°í¸¦ ¹æÁöÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÇâÈÄ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Ãß°¡ ±¸ÇöÀ¸·Î ÃÊÀÚµ¿È­(hyperautomation) ¹× ÀΰøÁö´É(Artificial intelligence ; AI) ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» ¿ËÈ£ÇÑ´Ù.


ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ·Îº¿ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º(robotic processes)´Â ¿¹»óÄ¡ ¸øÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ó¸®Çϱâ À§ÇØ ±â¼ú ¿î¿µÀÚ°¡ Ç×»ó °ç¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÏÁö¸¸ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÀÎÀû ¿À·ù¸¦ »ó´ç ºÎºÐ Á¦°ÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.


 ºô¶ó¸£´Â ¡°½ºÆäÀÎÀÇ ¹°°ü¸® ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº µðÁöÅÐÈ­¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇÑ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¸Å¿ì ģȯ°æÀû¡±À̶ó¸é¼­ ¡°±×µéÀº ´Ù¼Ò ±¸½ÄÀÌ°í ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ ¿¬°áÇϱ⠾î·ÆÁö¸¸, Áö±ÝÀÌ Àηù¿¡°Ô ¸Å¿ì ¼ÒÁßÇÑ ÀÚ¿øÀÎ ¹°À» ³¶ºñÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â À§ÇØ ÀÌ °úÁ¤À» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ°í ½Ç½Ã°£ ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µÀ» ±¸ÇöÇÒ Àû±âÀÌ´Ù¡±¶ó°í °­Á¶Çß´Ù.


[¿ø¹®º¸±â] 


Researchers determine how to digitalize, optimize and safeguard water management in smart cities



Drought and massive water leaks in the subsoil of large cities, such as those recently reported in the Barcelona metropolitan area, make it more necessary than ever to improve the management of water resources in urban environments. 


The implementation of smart, connected systems for water supply and purification infrastructures has clear benefits and will come with time. However, as the sector is currently wanting in digitalization, this transition must be agile and carefully monitored.


A new study has laid the foundations for how this process should be carried out. The brain behind it is Cristina Villar, a graduate of the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) and an employee at one of Spain's top tech companies, where she designs digitalization and security solutions for multiple types of infrastructure. 


Carried out as a final project for the University Master's Degree in Telecommunications Engineering, the study examines what needs to happen for this renewal to take place and describes the network architecture and specific type of hardware required to secure the water supply chain, which is key considering that climate change and population growth are making this resource increasingly scarcer.


Villar, who is listed as the study's first author, said: "In water treatment and management, there is a considerable lack of development and standardization of digital protocols. Instead of creating a unique or inflexible design, we wanted to lay the foundations of operation to adapt this environment to the needs of Industry 4.0 and Spanish legislation." 


Her master's degree final project is published in open access and was supervised by Victor Monzon Baeza, currently a researcher at the University of Luxembourg. 


Having achieved excellent results, the study was later published in MDPI Smart Cities as a research paper co-authored by Raul Parada, researcher at the Telecommunications Technology Centre of Catalonia, and Carlos Monzo, member of the UOC Faculty of Computer Science, Multimedia and Telecommunications.


A complex architecture


In their view, the renewal of critical infrastructures linked to the water supply chain should be based on an architecture that includes an action and measuring group (a large array of on-site sensors) and an interference-free network to provide coverage and send data to the core computing group, the backbone of the proposed solution. 


This part of the system would be responsible for collecting all the data from the sensors and executing commands for the actuators. These commands could be entered manually by the operators in charge of maintaining the system or they could be automated to improve the response time of the water management system. 


All data would be stored in NoSQL databases such as MongoDB, ideally deployed on high availability servers located in private data processing centres (DPCs). 


These servers would be backed up and duplicated so that the system would remain up and running in the event of contingencies and would not suffer service outages.


Such information could be extracted and studied through data analytics processors and uploaded to the cloud for further computation and the application of artificial intelligence. The authors propose adopting the NB-IoT protocol for on-site devices, as it uses all the necessary communication security protocols, and the 4G mobile network for connectivity, as it offers a high level of coverage.


Priority one: security


All systems involved would need to meet a series of requirements in order to comply with current regulatory criteria and achieve optimal performance. These include factors such as high availability, updates without service disruption, a maintenance plan with 24/7 remote monitoring, and the possibility of homogenizing data yields for processing.


In order to maintain system security, the authors advise having different and segmented infrastructures, whether physical or virtual, and "an infrastructure with high availability with several firewalls in cluster mode, in such a way as to ensure the redundancy of the systems that support the solution."


Villar said: "Cybersecurity plays a vital role in these critical infrastructures, so it's crucial to consider the recommended guidelines. These include distributing firewalls and servers in geographically independent locations to ensure high availability, so that a crash in one of these locations does not affect the rest, and using two DPCs. Nobody wants some hacker to break into the system and leave a town without water."


Automated improvements


This digitalization process could automate many operations and roll out a variety of improvements, such as checking that water purification is high enough so as not to alter the ecological environment, measuring the amount of energy consumed by the system, detecting and acting quickly on leaks in the supply chain, monitoring the level of water purification treatment and determining the average number of hours the water supply service is interrupted per year.


The benefits of the proposed infrastructure would include the low economic cost and low power consumption of NB-IoT sensors; the wide range of sensors available under the LPWAN solution, which allows long-range communication over the mobile network; and the low investment cost, as it leverages the existing 4G radio station infrastructure used by telephone operators. 


In addition, the use of an open-source management platform would improve compatibility with other application codes that could be integrated with the platform.


Artificial intelligence


Looking further ahead, the authors advocate the use of hyperautomation and artificial intelligence systems as an additional implementation to be considered in the future to reinforce preventive maintenance of network components and thus prevent incidents owing to worn parts. 


These robotic processes would also eliminate possible human errors to a large extent, although it would always be necessary to have technical operators on hand to deal with unforeseen issues.


Villar said: "In Spain, water management systems are still very green as far as digitalization is concerned. They are rather old-fashioned and are hard to connect to the internet, but it's the right time to set this process in motion and implement real-time monitoring to avoid wasting this resource, water, that is so precious to humanity."


[Ãâó = UOC(¿Àº£¸£Å¸ µ¥ Ä«Å»·ç³Ä ´ëÇб³)(https://www.uoc.edu/portal/en/news/actualitat/2023/103-water-tech.html) / 2023³â 5¿ù 2ÀÏ]


[³í¹®Ãâó = https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/6/2/35]

¨Ï±Û·Î¹ú¹°»ê¾÷Á¤º¸¼¾ÅÍ(www.waterindustry.co.kr) ¹«´ÜÀüÀç ¹× Àç¹èÆ÷±ÝÁö
ÀÌÀü±Û [¿µ±¹] ¸ðÅä ¸Æµµ³¯µå, ¿µ±¹ ÁÖ¿ä ¹° º¹¿ø ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ® °èȹ Á¦°øÀÚ·Î ÀÓ¸í
´ÙÀ½±Û [ÀϺ»] ¿äÄÚ°¡¿Í, »ç¿ìµð ´ë±Ô¸ð Çؼö ´ã¼öÈ­½Ã¼³¿¡ Á¦¾î ½Ã½ºÅÛ °ø±Þ ¾÷ü·Î ¼±Á¤
±Û·Î¹ú¹°»ê¾÷Á¤º¸¼¾ÅÍ.   ¼¾ÅÍÀå : ¹èö¹Î
ÁÖ¼Ò : ¼­¿ï½Ã ¼ÛÆı¸ »ïÀüµ¿ 72-3 À¯¸²ºôµù 5Ãþ TEL (02) 3431-0210   FAX (02) 3431-0260   E-mail waterindustry@hanmail.net
COPYRIGHT(C) 2012 ±Û·Î¹ú¹°»ê¾÷Á¤º¸¼¾ÅÍ. ALL RIGHT RESERVED.