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[¹Ì±¹] ž籤 È°¿ë ¹°¿¡¼­ ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ »ý»êÇÏ´Â ±â¼ú °³¹ß
À̸§ °ü¸®ÀÚ waterindustry@hanmail.net ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2013.08.12 Á¶È¸¼ö 887
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[¹Ì±¹] ž籤 È°¿ë ¹°¿¡¼­ ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ »ý»êÇÏ´Â ±â¼ú °³¹ß
ÄÝ·Î¶óµµ ´ëÇÐ º¼´õÄ·ÆÛ½º(University of Colorado Boulder, CU) ¿¬±¸ÆÀ
 
 
 
¹°¿¡¼­ ¿¬·á¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀº ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ ¿¬±Ý¼ú(Alchemy)°ú °°Àº °ÍÀϱî? Áö³­ ¼ö½Ê ³â°£ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº Á¦¾àÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é¼­ ȯ°æģȭÀûÀÎ ¿¬·á¿øÀ» ã°íÀÚ ²ÙÁØÈ÷ ³ë·ÂÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

ÄÝ·Î¶óµµ ´ëÇÐ º¼´õÄ·ÆÛ½º(University of Colorado Boulder, CU)ÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀº ž翡³ÊÁö¸¦ È°¿ëÇÏ¿© ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ »ý»êÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ±â¼úÀ» °³¹ßÇϱâ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¼ö¼Ò »ý»ê¿¡´Â ¹°À» ºÐÇØÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ °øÁ¤À» ÅëÇØ ¼ö¼Ò ¹× »ê¼Ò°¡ ¾ò¾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ Áß ¼ö¼Ò´Â ûÁ¤ ¿¬·á·Î¼­ ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÏ°Ô È°¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

CUÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀº °Å´ëÇÑ ¹Ý»ç°æ ¾î·¹ÀÌ(Array)¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¼ö¹é ÇÇÆ®¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ´Â ³ôÀ̸¦ °¡Áø Áß¾ÓŸ¿öÀÇ ÇÑ ÁöÁ¡¿¡ ž籤À» ÁýÁßÇϴ ž翭 ½Ã½ºÅÛ(Solar-thermal System)À» °³¹ßÇÏ¿´´Ù. À̹ø ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ ´ã´çÀÚÀÌÀÚ CUÀÇ È­Çлý¹°°øÇаú(Chemical and Biological Engineering Department) ±³¼öÀÎ Alan Weimer´Â »õ·Î¿î ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.

¹Ý»ç°æ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ÅëÇØ Å¸¿ö¿¡ ÁýÁߵǴ ¿­À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¸é ¾à 1,350µµ±îÁö °¡¿­ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é ÀÌ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ±Ý¼Ó »êÈ­¹°(Metal Oxides) È­ÇÕ¹°ÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀ±â·Î ¿­À» ³»º¸³½´Ù. ±Ý¼Ó »êÈ­¹°·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ È­ÇÕ¹°¿¡ ¿­ÀÌ °¡ÇØÁö¸é, È­ÇÕ¹°Àº »ê¼Ò ¿øÀÚ¸¦ ¹èÃâÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
 
ÀÌ ¶§ ¹°Áú Á¶¼ºÀÌ ¹Ù²î¸é¼­ »õ·Î¿î »ê¼Ò¿øÀÚ¸¦ ã±â À§ÇØ È­ÇÕ¹° ÇüÅ°¡ º¯È­µÈ´Ù. ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ½ºÆÀÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÏ¿© ¹° ºÐÀÚ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ê¼Ò¸¦ ±Ý¼Ó »êÈ­¹°ÀÇ Ç¥¸é¿¡ ºÎÂø½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ÅõÀԵǴ ½ºÆÀÀº ž籤À» Ÿ¿ö¿¡ ÁýÁßÇÏ¿© ¸¸µé¾îÁö´Â ¿­À» È°¿ëÇÏ¿© »ý»êÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

Weimer ±³¼ö´Â "¿ì¸®´Â ±âÁ¸ ¹æ¹ý°ú´Â ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¸¥ »õ·Î¿î Á¢±Ù¹æ¾ÈÀ» °í¾ÈÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼ÖÁ÷È÷ ÀÌÀü¿¡´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó »ý°¢ÇßÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ž籤À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¹°À» ºÐ¸®ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Áö¼Ó°¡´ÉÇÑ ¼ö¼Ò °æÁ¦¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ ¼º¹è(Holy Grail)¿Í °°Àº °Í"À̶ó°í ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù.
 
¹°À» ºÐÇØÇÏ´Â ±âÁ¸ ´Ù¸¥ ±â¼ú°ú CUÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ±â¼ú°úÀÇ °¡Àå Å« Â÷ÀÌÁ¡ Áß Çϳª´Â µ¿ÀÏ ¿Âµµ¿¡¼­ 2°³ÀÇ È­ÇйÝÀÀÀ» ¼öÇàÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±Ý¼Ó»êÈ­¹°À» ÅëÇØ ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ »ý»êÇÏ´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ±â¼úÀº »ê¼Ò¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϱâ À§ÇØ ´õ ³ôÀº ¿Âµµ·Î ¹ÝÀÀ±â¸¦ °¡¿­ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ »ý»êÇϱâ À§ÇØ ½ºÆÀÀ» ÁÖÀÔÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼­´Â ´Ù½Ã ¹ÝÀÀ±âÀÇ ¿Âµµ¸¦ ³·Ãß¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

µû¶ó¼­ »ê¼Ò¸¦ ¹èÃâÇÏ´Â °øÁ¤À̳ª ½ºÆÀÀ» ÁÖÀÔÇÏ´Â °øÁ¤¿¡ µû¶ó ¹ÝÀÀ±âÀÇ ¿Âµµ¸¦ ³ôÀ̰ųª ³·Ãâ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¿Âµµ º¯È¯ Á¶ÀýÀ» º¸´Ù Æí¸®ÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »õ·Î¿î ¹æ¾ÈÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ¿´´Ù. CUÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀÌ °³¹ßÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ °¡Àå Å« Çõ½Å Áß Çϳª´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿Âµµ º¯È­°¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
 
¿¬±¸ÆÀÀº Àüü °øÁ¤Àº ½ºÆÀ º§ºê¸¦ ¿­°Å³ª ´Ý´Â °Í¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±¸ÇöÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù°í ¹àÇû´Ù. À̹ø ¿¬±¸¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Muhich´Â "ºÒÀ» ÇÇ¿ì±â À§ÇØ È®´ë°æÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í°ú °°ÀÌ Å¾籤À» ÁýÁß½ÃÄÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀϾ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» Á¤µµÀÇ ³ôÀº ¿Âµµ¸¦ ¸¸µé ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
 
ž籤À» ÀÌ¿ëÇϸé 1,350µµ ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ½±°Ô °¡¿­ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. ¿¬±¸ÁøÀº È­ÇйÝÀÀÀÌ ÀϾ±â À§ÇÑ °¡Àå ³·Àº ¿Âµµ±îÁö °¡¿­ÇÏ·Á ÇÑ´Ù. ´õ ³ôÀº ¿Âµµ´Â ±ÞÀÛ½º·¯¿î ¿­ÆØâ ¹× ¼öÃàÀ» ¹ß»ý½Ãų ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ È­Çй°Áú ¹× ¹ÝÀÀ±â¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù"°í ¸»Çß´Ù.

[Ãâó : KISTI ¹Ì¸®¾È(http://mirian.kisti.re.kr) ¡º±Û·Î¹úµ¿Çâºê¸®ÇÎ(GTB)¡»2013. 08. 08]
 

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Fuel From Water Advances

 
Fuel from water? A form of Alchemy? Researchers have been trying for years to find a limitless, environmentally benign source of fuel.
 
Now a University of Colorado Boulder team has developed a radically new technique that uses the power of sunlight to efficiently split water into its components of hydrogen and oxygen, paving the way for the broad use of hydrogen as a clean, green fuel.
 
The CU-Boulder team has devised a solar-thermal system in which sunlight could be concentrated by a vast array of mirrors onto a single point atop a central tower up to several hundred feet tall. The tower would gather heat generated by the mirror system to roughly 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit (1,350 Celsius), then deliver it into a reactor containing chemical compounds known as metal oxides, said CU-Boulder Professor Alan Weimer, research group leader.
 
As a metal oxide compound heats up, it releases oxygen atoms, changing its material composition and causing the newly formed compound to seek out new oxygen atoms, said Weimer. The team showed that the addition of steam to the system — which could be produced by boiling water in the reactor with the concentrated sunlight beamed to the tower — would cause oxygen from the water molecules to adhere to the surface of the metal oxide, freeing up hydrogen molecules for collection as hydrogen gas.
 
¡°We have designed something here that is very different from other methods and frankly something that nobody thought was possible before,¡± said Weimer of the chemical and biological engineering department. ¡°Splitting water with sunlight is the Holy Grail of a sustainable hydrogen economy.¡±
 
One of the key differences between the CU method and other methods developed to split water is the ability to conduct two chemical reactions at the same temperature, said Musgrave, also of the chemical and biological engineering department.
 
While there are no working models, conventional theory holds that producing hydrogen through the metal oxide process requires heating the reactor to a high temperature to remove oxygen, then cooling it to a low temperature before injecting steam to re-oxidize the compound in order to release hydrogen gas for collection.
 
¡°The more conventional approaches require the control of both the switching of the temperature in the reactor from a hot to a cool state and the introduction of steam into the system,¡± said Musgrave. ¡°One of the big innovations in our system is that there is no swing in the temperature. The whole process is driven by either turning a steam valve on or off.¡±
 
¡°Just like you would use a magnifying glass to start a fire, we can concentrate sunlight until it is really hot and use it to drive these chemical reactions,¡± said Muhich. ¡°While we can easily heat it up to more than 1,350 degrees Celsius, we want to heat it to the lowest temperature possible for these chemical reactions to still occur. Hotter temperatures can cause rapid thermal expansion and contraction, potentially causing damage to both the chemical materials and to the reactors themselves.¡±
 
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