[미국] NSF·NIST, 새로운 재난 복원 연구에 보조금 지원

자연재해 지역 및 인프라 복원력 향상 위해 760만 달러 공동 투자

 

연구를 통해 허리케인, 산불 및 기타 자연 재해에 대한 미국의 회복력이 향상될 것이다. [사진제공 = NSF]

미국 국립과학재단(NSF)과 미국 상무부 국립표준기술연구소(NIST)는 공동 NSF-NIST 재난 복원 연구 조성 프로그램(Disaster Resilience Research Grant program)을 통해 자연재해 지역 및 인프라 복원력 향상을 위한 20개 신규 연구 프로젝트에 760만 달러를 공동 투자했다고 밝혔다. NSF는 12개 프로젝트에 450만 달러를 투자했고, NIST는 8개 프로젝트에 310만 달러를 투자했다.

이번 공동 투자는 NSF와 NIST 연구 조정의 결과로서 재해 복구에 대한 새로운 이해, 모델, 설계 및 실천으로 이어질 것이다.

매년 전국의 지역사회는 가뭄, 지진, 홍수, 허리케인, 토네이도, 화재와 같은 위험으로부터 상당한 피해를 입는다. 자연 재해로부터의 위협을 제거할 수 없는 반면, 잘 표적화된 연구는 지역사회가 그들의 취약성을 줄이고 복원력을 증가시켜 자연 재해의 영향을 덜 받을 수 있도록 할 수 있다.

롭 스톤(Rob Stone) NSF의 토목, 기계 및 제조 혁신 부서의 책임자는 "기초적인 연구는 국가가 폭풍우, 산불 및 기타 극한 상황을 견디고 회복하는데 도움이 되는 기본 원칙을 밝혀 재난 복원력을 크게 향상시킬 수 있다"라고 말했다.

그는 이어서 "NSF와 NIST 간의 이 협력은 재해 복구 연구를 기본에서 적용에 이르기까지 지원하므로 자연 재해에 대한 복원력을 강화하는 계획 및 의사결정에서 정책 및 건축 법규에 이르기까지 과학 기반 개선의 구현을 촉진할 것"이라고 전했다.

재난 복원 연구 지원 프로그램은 NSF가 국립 지진 위험 감소 프로그램(NEHRP) 및 국가 폭풍 영향 감소 프로그램(NWIRP)을 위해 NIST 및 기타 연방 기관과 함께 재난 관련 연구 포트폴리오를 광범위하게 조정한 프로그램의 일환이다. NEHRP와 NWIRP 모두에서 NSF는 기본적인 이해를 증진시킬 책임이 있으며, NIST는 기본적인 새로운 통찰력을 실제 적용하고 응용 연구를 수행할 수 있도록 보장할 책임이 있다.

재클린 메사로스(Jacqueline Meszaros) NSF의 자연재해, 재난, 재난 분야 과학기술 고문은 “연방 협력은 연구자들이 NSF와 NIST의 상호 보완적인 역할을 탐색하고 기관이 국가적 요구와 관련된 모든 범위의 연구 가능성을 평가하는 것을 더 쉽게 한다”라며, "이 공동 프로그램은 새로운 이해와 진보를 빠르게 실천할 수 있도록 하고, 미국 모든 지역의 지역사회와 취약 인구를 돕기 위한 것이다. 기후 변화로 인한 더 극단적인 자연 재해로 인해, 회복력에 대한 필요성이 더욱 중요해지고 있다"고 말했다.

[원문보기]

NSF and NIST coordinate support for new disaster resilience research grants

The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and the U.S. Department of Commerce’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have jointly invested $7.6 million in 20 new research projects for greater community and infrastructure resilience to natural hazards through the joint NSF-NIST Disaster Resilience Research Grant program. NSF has invested $4.5 million in 12 projects; NIST has invested $3.1 million in 8 projects.

The collaborative investment is an outcome of NSF and NIST research coordination that will lead to new understanding, models, designs and practices for disaster resilience.

Each year, communities across the nation face significant damage from hazards such as droughts, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, and fires. While threats from natural hazards cannot be eliminated, well-targeted research can enable communities to reduce their vulnerabilities and increase their resilience — making the impacts of natural hazards less disastrous.

“Fundamental research can lead to significant improvements in disaster resilience by revealing fundamental principles that will help the Nation withstand and bounce back from windstorms, wildland fires, and other extreme events,” said Rob Stone, division director of the NSF Division of Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation.

“Because this partnership between NSF and NIST supports disaster resilience research from fundamental to applied,” Stone continued, “it will facilitate the implementation of science-based improvements, from planning and decision-making to policies and building codes, that will strengthen our resilience to natural hazards.”

The Disaster Resilience Research Grant program is part of the NSF’s broader coordination of its disaster-related research portfolio with NIST and other Federal agencies for the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) and the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program (NWIRP). For both NEHRP and NWIRP, NSF is responsible for advancing fundamental understanding, and NIST is responsible for ensuring that fundamental new insights are translated to practice, as well as for conducting applied research.

“Federal collaboration makes it easier for researchers to navigate the complementary roles of NSF and NIST and for the agencies to appreciate the full range of research possibilities relevant to national needs,” said Jacqueline Meszaros, NSF science and technology advisor for natural hazards, disasters, and resilience. “This joint program aims to enable new understanding and advances to move into practice quickly, to help communities and vulnerable populations in every part of the U.S. With more extreme natural hazards due to climate change, the need for resilience has grown more crucial.”

The 12 NSF projects for disaster resilience are funded through 17 awards:

Assessing Urban Post-Earthquake Community Recovery to Inform Pre-Disaster Planning: Stanford University

Assessment of Building Resiliency in Tornadoes Considering Transient Internal Pressure Effects: University of Wisconsin–Madison and Texas Tech University

Development of Realistic Seismic Input Motions for Improving the Resilience of Infrastructure to Earthquakes: Central Michigan University and University of California, Davis

Disaster Recovery and Response Innovation through Fuel Cell Deployment: Carnegie Mellon University

Examining the Vulnerability and Recovery of Small Farms to Natural Hazards and the Impact to Rural Community Resilience: University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Texas A&M University, and Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

An Integrated Housing Design and Logistics Operations Modeling and Analysis Framework for Hurricane Relief: Clemson University

Leveraging Crowdsourced Data to Assess Spatiotemporal Patterns of Resilience in Diverse Gulf Coast Communities Impacted by Natural Hazards: University of Texas at Arlington

Modeling Intergovernmental Fiscal Impacts of Coastal Hazards: Rutgers University–New Brunswick

Quantitative Measurement of Wildfire Behavior in the Field: Leveraging Remote Sensing for Reproducible Observation and Improved Understanding: San Jose State University

Reconstruction of Four-Dimensional Near-Surface Wind Characteristics from Debris and Damage Attributes using Computer Vision: Auburn University

Scalable Assessment of Urban Earthquake Resilience: A Novel Model-informed Deep Learning Paradigm: Northeastern University

Understanding Urban Resilience to Pluvial Floods Using Reduced-Order Modeling: University of Michigan and University of Wisconsin–Madison

The eight NIST projects for disaster resilience are funded through the following awards:

Analysis, Comparison and Experimental Investigation of Hurricane Wind, Storm-Surge and Wave Load Models: University of Miami

Assessing the Utility of Safe-to-Fail Design to Improve Climate Hazards Resilience of Interdependent Infrastructure Systems: Arizona State University

Characterization of Hurricane Boundary Layer Turbulence for Wind Hazard Mitigation: Columbia University

Developing a Selective Column Retrofit Framework for Damaged and Aging Reinforced Concrete Buildings to Improve Community Resilience After Earthquakes: University of Massachusetts, Amherst

Enhancing Windstorm Resilience of Coastal Communities Through Ultra-High Performance Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Concrete Seawalls: University of Miami

Forecasting WUI Fire Resilience: Quantifying Firebrand Generation and Transport to Identify Communities at Risk: Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Residual Axial and Lateral Load Carrying Capacity of Pile Supported Marine Terminal Exhibiting Seismically Induced Local Buckling in Inground Plastic Hinges: University of California, San Diego

Wildland Urban Interface and the Built Environment: Design, Evacuation and Retreat Under No-Notice Fire Hazards: University of Maryland, College Park; University of California, Berkeley; and University of California, Davis

The NSF awards are funded through the Disaster Resilience Research Grants program in the Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation in the Directorate for Engineering, with additional support from the Directorate for Geosciences. 

NSF and NIST will accept research proposals for the Disaster Resilience Research Grants program again in 2022 through the new solicitation, NSF 22-593. Letters of intent are due June 20, 2022, and full proposals are due August 19, 2022.

-NSF-

[출처 = NSF(https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=305062&org=ENG&from=home) / 2022년 5월 4일]